Vinous

DOC · Appellation profile

Vin Santo del Chianti

740,500 haProduction zone
32Wines in the rules
18.8 °CGrowing season · warm
IIIWinkler region

What is made here

Wine colours

Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.

Where it is

Vin Santo del Chianti in Italy

Latitude
42.8°–44.1° N
Vineyard altitude
61 m to 472 m
Production zone
740,500 ha

Covers the same area as
Chianti, Colli dell'Etruria Centrale

Contains 18 appellations (outlined on the zone map)
Barco Reale di Carmignano, Brunello di Montalcino, Carmignano, Grance Senesi, Moscadello di Montalcino, Pomino, Rosso di Montalcino, Rosso di Montepulciano, San Gimignano, San Torpè, Sant'Antimo, Terre di Casole, Terre di Pisa, Val d'Arno di Sopra, Vernaccia di San Gimignano, Vin Santo di Carmignano, Vin Santo di Montepulciano, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.

Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.

Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.

01 · What the law says

The rules

Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Vin Santo del Chianti must meet.

32 wines in the rules, all colours.
WineMain grape(s)Max yield
t/ha		Max wine
hl/ha		Wine from grapes
max. %		Grape ripeness
min. % pot. alc.		Wine
min. % alc.		Actual alc.
min. %		Acidity
min. g/l		Dry extract
min. g/l
Vin Santo del Chianti 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga11393510.515.5134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Riserva 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga11393510.515.5134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colli Aretini 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colli Aretini Riserva 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colli Fiorentini 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colli Fiorentini Riserva 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colli Senesi 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colli Senesi Riserva 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colline Pisane 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colline Pisane Riserva 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Montalbano 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Montalbano Riserva 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Montespertoli 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Montespertoli Riserva 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Rufina 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Rufina Riserva 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga1035351116134.520
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice 50% Sangiovese11393510.516.514425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Riserva 50% Sangiovese11393510.516.514425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colli Aretini 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colli Aretini Riserva 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colli Fiorentini 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colli Fiorentini Riserva 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colli Senesi 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colli Senesi Riserva 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colline Pisane 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colline Pisane Riserva 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Montalbano 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Montalbano Riserva 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Montespertoli 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Montespertoli Riserva 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Rufina 50% Sangiovese103535111714425
Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Rufina Riserva 50% Sangiovese103535111714425

From the official production rules (disciplinare di produzione). Hover a figure to see the clause it comes from. A dash means the rules set no figure, or it is not captured yet.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Riserva

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colli Aretini

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colli Aretini Riserva

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colli Fiorentini

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colli Fiorentini Riserva

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colli Senesi

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colli Senesi Riserva

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colline Pisane

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Colline Pisane Riserva

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Montalbano

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Montalbano Riserva

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Montespertoli

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Montespertoli Riserva

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Rufina

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Sottozona Rufina Riserva

  • ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano / Malvasia Bianca Lunga · Main grape
  • ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Riserva

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colli Aretini

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colli Aretini Riserva

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colli Fiorentini

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colli Fiorentini Riserva

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colli Senesi

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colli Senesi Riserva

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colline Pisane

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Colline Pisane Riserva

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Montalbano

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Montalbano Riserva

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Montespertoli

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Montespertoli Riserva

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Rufina

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Vin Santo del Chianti Occhio di Pernice Sottozona Rufina Riserva

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.

Other varieties allowed

Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.

33 varieties · 16 wines

Albana, Albarola, Ansonica, Biancone, Canaiolo Bianco, Clairette, Durella, Fiano, Grechetto, Greco, Incrocio Bruni 54, Livornese Bianca, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Nocchianello Bianco, Orpicchio, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Roussanne, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Verdea, Verdello, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling

54 varieties · 16 wines

Alicante, Alicante Bouschet, Ancellotta, Barbera, Barsaglina, Bonamico, Bracciola Nera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Calabrese, Caloria, Canaiolo Nero, Canina Nera, Carignan, Carmenere, Cesanese D Affile, Ciliegiolo, Colombana Nera, Colorino, Foglia Tonda, Gamay, Gralima, Grand Noir, Gratena, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di S. Stefano, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Malvasia, Malvasia Nera di Brindisi, Malvasia Nera di Lecce, Mammolo, Mazzese, Merlese, Merlot, Mondeuse, Montepulciano, Moscato D Amburgo, Mourvèdre, Nocchianello Nero, Pinot Noir, Pollera Nera, Prugnolo Gentile, Pugnitello, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Roussin, Sagrantino, Sanforte, Schiava Gentile, Syrah, Tempranillo, Teroldego, Vermentino Nero

In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine

4,000
Vines per hectare, minimum
700 m
Highest vineyard allowed
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Emergency only
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone

02 · Climate fingerprint

The climate

The growing season averages 18.8 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,873 growing degree days (Winkler III).

The average year  1991–2020, vineyards at about 222 m

Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
5.1° 69 Jan 5.8° 76 Feb 8.9° 77 Mar 12.2° 90 Apr 16.5° 79 May 20.8° 58 Jun 23.7° 37 Jul 23.9° 45 Aug 19.2° 96 Sep 14.7° 121 Oct 9.9° 131 Nov 6.0° 96 Dec
Growing-season temperature
18.8 °C
Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
Growing degree days
1,873
Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
Growing-season rain
525 mm
Of 974 mm a year
Harvest rain
216 mm
September–October

Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 331 m; Vineyard point 2, 85 m; Vineyard point 3, 305 m; Vineyard point 4, 163 m; Vineyard point 5, 228 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.

Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in moderately complex terrain; not yet checked against a weather station.

Closest climates in the database

Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.

1. Bianco dell'EmpoleseVery similarCompared with Vin Santo del Chianti: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Bonarda dell'Oltrepò PaveseVery similarCompared with Vin Santo del Chianti: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. Aleatico di GradoliVery similarCompared with Vin Santo del Chianti: same season warmth, similar rain.

Growing-season temperature

Vin Santo del Chianti
18.8 °C
Bianco dell'Empolese
18.8 °C
Bonarda dell'Oltrepò Pavese
18.8 °C
Aleatico di Gradoli
18.7 °C

Growing degree days

Vin Santo del Chianti
1,873
Bianco dell'Empolese
1,875
Bonarda dell'Oltrepò Pavese
1,880
Aleatico di Gradoli
1,860

Growing-season rain

Vin Santo del Chianti
525 mm
Bianco dell'Empolese
516 mm
Bonarda dell'Oltrepò Pavese
517 mm
Aleatico di Gradoli
531 mm

03 · Year by year

35 vintages

Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.

Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 216 mm
2025
Growing-season temp.
Growing degree days
Harvest rain
Growing-season rain
September nights
Hot days and frosts

Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.

04 · Where the numbers come from

Sources

  1. A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
  2. Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
  3. ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
  4. OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
  5. Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
  6. Disciplinare di produzione: Vin Santo del Chianti (version published by MASAF up to May 2023, via the Internet Archive; later amendments not yet included) · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
  7. Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
  8. Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
  • Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
  • From the specification: Grapes are dried to at least 26% sugar (27% for Occhio di Pernice and subzone wines); vinification and ageing take place in caratelli of no more than 5 hl, with ageing deemed complete on 1 October of the third year (fourth for riserva). Sweetness may be secco, abboccato, amabile or dolce (Occhio di Pernice amabile or dolce), so it is left null; the subzone yield table is applied to subzone Occhio di Pernice wines too.
  • National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.