What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Friuli in Italy
- Latitude
- 45.6°–46.3° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 4 m to 219 m
- Production zone
- 433,983 ha
Lies within
Prosecco, delle Venezie
Contains 11 appellations (outlined on the zone map)
Carso, Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit, Collio Goriziano, Friuli Annia, Friuli Aquileia, Friuli Colli Orientali, Friuli Grave, Friuli Isonzo, Friuli Latisana, Ramandolo, Rosazzo
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Friuli must meet.
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Chardonnay
- ≥ 85% Chardonnay · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Friulano
- ≥ 85% Friulano · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Pinot Bianco/Pinot Blanc
- ≥ 85% Pinot Blanc · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Pinot Grigio/Pinot Gris
- ≥ 85% Pinot Grigio · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Sauvignon/Sauvignon Blanc
- ≥ 85% Sauvignon Blanc · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Malvasia
- ≥ 85% Malvasia Istriana · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Riesling
- ≥ 85% Riesling italico / Riesling renano · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Traminer Aromatico
- ≥ 85% Gewürztraminer · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Ribolla Gialla Spumante
- ≥ 85% Ribolla Gialla · Main grape
- ≤ 15% Pinot bianco / Pinot grigio / Chardonnay / Pinot Nero (vinificato in bianco) · Allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Ribolla Gialla Spumante Metodo Classico
- ≥ 85% Ribolla Gialla · Main grape
- ≤ 15% Pinot bianco / Pinot grigio / Chardonnay / Pinot Nero (vinificato in bianco) · Allowed
At least 9 months' ageing; release from 25 months from 1 February after the harvest year.
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Verduzzo Friulano
- ≥ 85% Verduzzo Friulano · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Cabernet
- ≥ 85% Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Carmenere · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Cabernet Franc
- ≥ 85% Cabernet Franc · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Cabernet Sauvignon
- ≥ 85% Cabernet Sauvignon · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Merlot
- ≥ 85% Merlot · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso
- ≥ 85% Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Pinot Nero/Pinot Noir
- ≥ 85% Pinot Noir · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes of the same colour suitable for Trieste, Gorizia, Udine and Pordenone (excluding Moscati, Müller Thurgau and Traminer) · Others allowed
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
29 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Chardonnay
Cividin, Fleurtai, Friulano, Garganega, Glera, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Palava, Picolit, Pinot Blanc, Ribuele, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Semillon, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verdiso, Verduzzo Friulano, Verduzzo Trevigiano, Viognier, Vitouska, Welschriesling
28 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Friulano
Cividin, Fleurtai, Garganega, Glera, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Palava, Picolit, Pinot Blanc, Ribuele, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Semillon, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verdiso, Verduzzo Friulano, Verduzzo Trevigiano, Viognier, Vitouska, Welschriesling
28 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Pinot Bianco/Pinot Blanc
Cividin, Fleurtai, Friulano, Garganega, Glera, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Palava, Picolit, Ribuele, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Semillon, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verdiso, Verduzzo Friulano, Verduzzo Trevigiano, Viognier, Vitouska, Welschriesling
28 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Sauvignon/Sauvignon Blanc
Cividin, Fleurtai, Friulano, Garganega, Glera, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Palava, Picolit, Pinot Blanc, Ribuele, Riesling, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Semillon, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verdiso, Verduzzo Friulano, Verduzzo Trevigiano, Viognier, Vitouska, Welschriesling
28 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Malvasia
Cividin, Fleurtai, Friulano, Garganega, Glera, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Palava, Picolit, Pinot Blanc, Ribuele, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Semillon, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verdiso, Verduzzo Friulano, Verduzzo Trevigiano, Viognier, Vitouska, Welschriesling
27 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Riesling
Cividin, Fleurtai, Friulano, Garganega, Glera, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Palava, Picolit, Pinot Blanc, Ribuele, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Semillon, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verdiso, Verduzzo Friulano, Verduzzo Trevigiano, Viognier, Vitouska
27 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Ribolla Gialla Spumante
Cividin, Fleurtai, Friulano, Garganega, Glera, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Palava, Picolit, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Semillon, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verdiso, Verduzzo Friulano, Verduzzo Trevigiano, Viognier, Vitouska, Welschriesling
28 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Verduzzo Friulano
Cividin, Fleurtai, Friulano, Garganega, Glera, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Palava, Picolit, Pinot Blanc, Ribuele, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Semillon, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verdiso, Verduzzo Trevigiano, Viognier, Vitouska, Welschriesling
28 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Cabernet
Ancellotta, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Volos, Cjanorie, Cordenossa, Forgiarin, Franconia, Gamay, Julius, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Petit Verdot, Piccola Nera, Piculit-Neri, Pignolo, Pinot Noir, Raboso Piave, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco Nostrano, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe, Terrano
30 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Cabernet Franc
Ancellotta, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Cjanorie, Cordenossa, Forgiarin, Franconia, Gamay, Julius, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Petit Verdot, Piccola Nera, Piculit-Neri, Pignolo, Pinot Noir, Raboso Piave, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco Nostrano, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe, Terrano
30 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Cabernet Sauvignon
Ancellotta, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Cjanorie, Cordenossa, Forgiarin, Franconia, Gamay, Julius, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Petit Verdot, Piccola Nera, Piculit-Neri, Pignolo, Pinot Noir, Raboso Piave, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco Nostrano, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe, Terrano
30 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Merlot
Ancellotta, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Cjanorie, Cordenossa, Forgiarin, Franconia, Gamay, Julius, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Petit Verdot, Piccola Nera, Piculit-Neri, Pignolo, Pinot Noir, Raboso Piave, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco Nostrano, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe, Terrano
30 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso
Ancellotta, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Cjanorie, Cordenossa, Forgiarin, Franconia, Gamay, Julius, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Petit Verdot, Piccola Nera, Piculit-Neri, Pignolo, Pinot Noir, Raboso Piave, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco Nostrano, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe, Terrano
30 varieties · Friuli/Friuli Venezia Giulia/Furlanija/Furlanija Julijska Krajina-Pinot Nero/Pinot Noir
Ancellotta, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Cjanorie, Cordenossa, Forgiarin, Franconia, Gamay, Julius, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Petit Verdot, Piccola Nera, Piculit-Neri, Pignolo, Raboso Piave, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco Nostrano, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe, Terrano
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
3,500
Vines per hectare, minimum
Training
Systems allowed
parete verticale; GDC
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Permitted
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
Allowed
Enrichment (chaptalisation)
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 18.1 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,724 growing degree days (Winkler III).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 74 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 18.1 °C
- Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,724
- Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 911 mm
- Of 1,468 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 334 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 42 m; Vineyard point 2, 41 m; Vineyard point 3, 60 m; Vineyard point 4, 212 m; Vineyard point 5, 14 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in moderately complex terrain; not yet checked against a weather station.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. Friuli IsonzoVery similarCompared with Friuli: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. VicenzaVery similarCompared with Friuli: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. delle VenezieVery similarCompared with Friuli: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 334 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Disciplinare di produzione: Friuli · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Several styles are allowed for Pinot grigio and Riesling (dry to off-dry), Traminer aromatico (dry to off-dry), Pinot nero (dry or off-dry) and Verduzzo friulano (dry to sweet), so sweetness is null there; spumanti are extra brut to extra dry (pas dosé for metodo classico). Tank spumanti need at least 90 days' elaboration (90 days on lees without agitators, 30 with); vintage-dated versions need longer (18 months tank; 30 months in bottle and release 37 months after 1 November for metodo classico). Vinification is also allowed in listed communes of Treviso and Venezia provinces.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.