What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Friuli Annia in Italy
- Latitude
- 45.7°–45.9° N
- Vineyard altitude
- up to 16 m
- Production zone
- 20,995 ha
Lies within
Friuli, Prosecco, delle Venezie
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Friuli Annia must meet.
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Pinot Bianco
- ≥ 90% Pinot Blanc · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Pinot Bianco Frizzante
- ≥ 90% Pinot Blanc · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Pinot Grigio
- ≥ 90% Pinot Grigio · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Sauvignon
- ≥ 90% Sauvignon Blanc · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Chardonnay
- ≥ 90% Chardonnay · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Chardonnay Frizzante
- ≥ 90% Chardonnay · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friul Annia Friulano
- ≥ 90% Friulano · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friul Annia Verduzzo Friulano
- ≥ 90% Verduzzo Friulano · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friul Annia Verduzzo Friulano Frizzante
- ≥ 90% Verduzzo Friulano · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Malvasia
- ≥ 90% Malvasia Istriana · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Malvasia Frizzante
- ≥ 90% Malvasia Istriana · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Traminer Aromatic
- ≥ 90% Gewürztraminer · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Cabernet Franc
- ≥ 90% Cabernet Franc · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Cabernet Sauvignon
- ≥ 90% Cabernet Sauvignon · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso
- ≥ 90% Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuil Annia Merlot
- ≥ 90% Merlot · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other varieties of the same colour suitable for the province of Udine · Others allowed
Blend rules
Friuli Annia Spumante
- – Chardonnay / Pinot bianco · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other white varieties listed in Art. 2 · Others allowed
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
24 varieties · 5 wines
Cividin, Fleurtai, Friulano, Glera, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Muller Thurgau, Palava, Picolit, Ribuele, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verduzzo Friulano, Viognier, Welschriesling
25 varieties · 4 wines
Cividin, Fleurtai, Friulano, Glera, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Muller Thurgau, Palava, Picolit, Pinot Blanc, Ribuele, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verduzzo Friulano, Viognier, Welschriesling
24 varieties · Friuli Annia Sauvignon
Cividin, Fleurtai, Friulano, Glera, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Muller Thurgau, Palava, Picolit, Pinot Blanc, Ribuele, Riesling, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verduzzo Friulano, Viognier, Welschriesling
24 varieties · Friul Annia Friulano
Cividin, Fleurtai, Glera, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Muller Thurgau, Palava, Picolit, Pinot Blanc, Ribuele, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verduzzo Friulano, Viognier, Welschriesling
24 varieties · Friul Annia Verduzzo Friulano, Friul Annia Verduzzo Friulano Frizzante
Cividin, Fleurtai, Friulano, Glera, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Muller Thurgau, Palava, Picolit, Pinot Blanc, Ribuele, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Viognier, Welschriesling
24 varieties · Friuli Annia Malvasia, Friuli Annia Malvasia Frizzante
Cividin, Fleurtai, Friulano, Glera, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Muller Thurgau, Palava, Picolit, Pinot Blanc, Ribuele, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Sciaglin, Soreli, Sylvaner, Ucelut, Verduzzo Friulano, Viognier, Welschriesling
27 varieties · Friuli Annia Cabernet Franc
Ancellotta, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Cjanorie, Cordenossa, Forgiarin, Franconia, Gamay, Julius, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Petit Verdot, Piculit-Neri, Pignolo, Pinot Noir, Rebo, Refosco Nostrano, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe, Terrano
27 varieties · Friuli Annia Cabernet Sauvignon
Ancellotta, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Cjanorie, Cordenossa, Forgiarin, Franconia, Gamay, Julius, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Petit Verdot, Piculit-Neri, Pignolo, Pinot Noir, Rebo, Refosco Nostrano, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe, Terrano
24 varieties · Friuli Annia Rosato, Friuli Annia Rosato Frizzante
Ancellotta, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Cjanorie, Cordenossa, Forgiarin, Franconia, Gamay, Julius, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Petit Verdot, Piculit-Neri, Pignolo, Pinot Noir, Rebo, Refosco Nostrano, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe, Terrano
27 varieties · Friuli Annia Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso
Ancellotta, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Cjanorie, Cordenossa, Forgiarin, Franconia, Gamay, Julius, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Petit Verdot, Piculit-Neri, Pignolo, Pinot Noir, Rebo, Refosco Nostrano, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe, Terrano
27 varieties · Friuil Annia Merlot
Ancellotta, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Cjanorie, Cordenossa, Forgiarin, Franconia, Gamay, Julius, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Petit Verdot, Piculit-Neri, Pignolo, Pinot Noir, Rebo, Refosco Nostrano, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe, Terrano
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
3,000
Vines per hectare, minimum
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Permitted
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
Allowed
Enrichment (chaptalisation)
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 18.6 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,837 growing degree days (Winkler III).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 9 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 18.6 °C
- Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,837
- Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 838 mm
- Of 1,386 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 346 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 4 m; Vineyard point 2, -1 m; Vineyard point 3, 20 m; Vineyard point 4, 22 m; Vineyard point 5, 0 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. LisonVery similarCompared with Friuli Annia: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. VeneziaVery similarCompared with Friuli Annia: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. Lison-PramaggioreVery similarCompared with Friuli Annia: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 346 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Disciplinare di produzione: Friuli Annia · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Product names follow the EU register spelling, including its typos (Fiuli, Friuil, Friul). Frizzante versions share the rules of their still wines. Vinification is also allowed anywhere in Friuli-Venezia Giulia. New vineyards may average no more than 4 kg of grapes per vine. The spumante is sold as brut or demi sec; Verduzzo may be dry or amabile-dolce. Acidity for Rosso and Merlot is written as 'per mille' (equivalent to g/l).
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.