Friuli Grave · Vinous

What is made here

Wine colours

Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.

Where it is

Friuli Grave in Italy

Latitude: 45.8°–46.3° N
Vineyard altitude: 18 m to 201 m
Production zone: 287,272 ha

Lies within
Friuli, Prosecco, delle Venezie

Contains 1 appellation (outlined on the zone map)
Rosazzo

Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.

Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.

Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.

01 · What the law says

The rules

Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Friuli Grave must meet.

50 wines in the rules, all colours.
Wine	Main grape(s)	Max yield t/ha	Max wine hl/ha	Wine from grapes max. %	Grape ripeness min. % pot. alc.	Wine min. % alc.	Acidity min. g/l	Dry extract min. g/l	Sugar max. g/l	Ageing min. months
Friuli Grave Cabernet	95% Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Carmenere	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Cabernet Superiore	95% Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Carmenere	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Cabernet Franc	95% Cabernet Franc	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Cabernet Franc Superiore	95% Cabernet Franc	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Cabernet Sauvignon	95% Cabernet Sauvignon	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Cabernet Sauvignon Superiore	95% Cabernet Sauvignon	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Nero	95% Pinot Noir	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Nero Superiore	95% Pinot Noir	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Nero Spumante (red)	Pinot Noir	13	91	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Friuli Grave Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso	95% Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso Superiore	95% Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Nero Spumante (red)	Pinot Noir	13	91	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Friuli Grave Spumante (white)	Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir	13	91	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Friuli Grave Bianco	white-berried varieties of the disciplinare except Traminer aromatico	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Bianco Superiore	white-berried varieties of the disciplinare except Traminer aromatico	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Novello	black-berried varieties of the disciplinare	13	91	70	10	11	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Grigio	95% Pinot Grigio	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Grigio Superiore	95% Pinot Grigio	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Traminer Aromatico	95% Gewürztraminer	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Traminer Aromatico Superiore	95% Gewürztraminer	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Rosato	black-berried varieties of the disciplinare	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	15	–	–
Friuli Grave Rosato Frizzante	black-berried varieties of the disciplinare	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	15	10	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Bianco	95% Pinot Blanc	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Bianco Superiore	95% Pinot Blanc	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Spumante (white)	Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir	13	91	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Bianco Spumante (white)	Pinot Blanc	13	91	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Bianco Frizzante	95% Pinot Blanc	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	10	–
Friuli Grave Riesling	95% Riesling	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Riesling Superiore	95% Riesling	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Friulano	95% Friulano	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Friulano Superiore	95% Friulano	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Verduzzo Friulano	95% Verduzzo Friulano	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Verduzzo Friulano Superiore	95% Verduzzo Friulano	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Verduzzo Friulano Frizzante	95% Verduzzo Friulano	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	40	–
Friuli Grave Merlot	95% Merlot	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Merlot Superiore	95% Merlot	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Chardonnay	95% Chardonnay	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Bianco Spumante (white)	Pinot Blanc	13	91	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Friuli Grave Chardonnay Spumante (white)	Chardonnay	13	91	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Friuli Grave Chardonnay Frizzante	95% Chardonnay	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	10	–
Friuli Grave Sauvignon	95% Sauvignon Blanc	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Sauvignon Superiore	95% Sauvignon Blanc	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Rosso	black-berried varieties of the disciplinare	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Rosso Superiore	black-berried varieties of the disciplinare	10	91	70	11	11.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Chardonnay Spumante (white)	Chardonnay	13	91	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Friuli Grave Chardonnay Spumante	Chardonnay	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Bianco Spumante	Pinot Blanc	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave Pinot Nero Spumante	Pinot Noir	13	91	70	10	10.5	4	18	–	–
Friuli Grave Spumante	Chardonnay / Pinot bianco / Pinot nero	13	91	70	10	11	4	14	–	–
Friuli Grave riserva	–	13	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	24

From the official production rules (disciplinare di produzione). Hover a figure to see the clause it comes from. A dash means the rules set no figure, or it is not captured yet.

Blend rules

Friuli Grave Chardonnay Spumante

– Chardonnay · Main grape
≤ 15% Pinot Noir · Allowed
≤ 10% other white varieties of Art. 2 · Allowed

Blend rules

Friuli Grave Pinot Bianco Spumante

– Pinot Blanc · Main grape
≤ 15% Pinot Noir · Allowed
≤ 10% other white varieties of Art. 2 · Allowed

Other varieties allowed

Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.

5 varieties · Friuli Grave Cabernet Franc, Friuli Grave Cabernet Franc Superiore

Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenère, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso

5 varieties · Friuli Grave Cabernet Sauvignon, Friuli Grave Cabernet Sauvignon Superiore

Cabernet Franc, Carmenère, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso

5 varieties · 6 wines

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenère, Merlot, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso

5 varieties · Friuli Grave Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Friuli Grave Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso Superiore

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenère, Merlot, Pinot Noir

8 varieties · Friuli Grave Pinot Grigio, Friuli Grave Pinot Grigio Superiore

Chardonnay, Friulano, Friulano, Gewürztraminer, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Verduzzo Friulano

8 varieties · Friuli Grave Traminer Aromatico, Friuli Grave Traminer Aromatico Superiore

Chardonnay, Friulano, Friulano, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Grigio, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Verduzzo Friulano

8 varieties · 6 wines

Chardonnay, Friulano, Friulano, Gewürztraminer, Pinot Grigio, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Verduzzo Friulano

8 varieties · Friuli Grave Riesling, Friuli Grave Riesling Superiore

Chardonnay, Friulano, Friulano, Gewürztraminer, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon Blanc, Verduzzo Friulano

8 varieties · Friuli Grave Friulano, Friuli Grave Friulano Superiore

Chardonnay, Friulano, Gewürztraminer, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Grigio, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Verduzzo Friulano

8 varieties · Friuli Grave Verduzzo Friulano, Friuli Grave Verduzzo Friulano Superiore, Friuli Grave Verduzzo Friulano Frizzante

Chardonnay, Friulano, Friulano, Gewürztraminer, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Grigio, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc

5 varieties · Friuli Grave Merlot, Friuli Grave Merlot Superiore

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenère, Pinot Noir, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso

8 varieties · 5 wines

Friulano, Friulano, Gewürztraminer, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Grigio, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Verduzzo Friulano

8 varieties · Friuli Grave Sauvignon, Friuli Grave Sauvignon Superiore

Chardonnay, Friulano, Friulano, Gewürztraminer, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Grigio, Riesling, Verduzzo Friulano

In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine

3,300

Vines per hectare, minimum

Training

Systems allowed

Guyot; Cordone speronato; Sylvoz; Casarsa; Cappuccina; Doppio capovolto

No forcing

Forcing the vines is prohibited

Emergency only

Irrigation

Cellar

Where the wine must be made

Within the production zone

Allowed

Enrichment (chaptalisation)

02 · Climate fingerprint

The climate

The growing season averages 17.6 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,627 growing degree days (Winkler II).

The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 124 m

Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season

Growing-season temperature: 17.6 °C; Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
Growing degree days: 1,627; Region II: 1,389–1,666 degree days
Growing-season rain: 957 mm; Of 1,524 mm a year
Harvest rain: 340 mm; September–October

Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 54 m; Vineyard point 2, 181 m; Vineyard point 3, 153 m; Vineyard point 4, 217 m; Vineyard point 5, 17 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.

Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in moderately complex terrain; not yet checked against a weather station.

Closest climates in the database

Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.

1. Teroldego RotalianoVery similarCompared with Friuli Grave: same season warmth, similar rain.

2. RosazzoVery similarCompared with Friuli Grave: same season warmth, similar rain.

3. Collio GorizianoVery similarCompared with Friuli Grave: same season warmth, similar rain.

Growing-season temperature

Friuli Grave

17.6 °C

Teroldego Rotaliano

17.7 °C

Rosazzo

17.6 °C

Collio Goriziano

17.8 °C

Growing degree days

Friuli Grave

1,627

Teroldego Rotaliano

1,658

Rosazzo

1,628

Collio Goriziano

1,673

Growing-season rain

Friuli Grave

957 mm

Teroldego Rotaliano

929 mm

Rosazzo

908 mm

Collio Goriziano

952 mm

03 · Year by year

35 vintages

Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.

Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 340 mm

2025

Growing-season temp.
Growing degree days
Harvest rain
Growing-season rain
September nights
Hot days and frosts

Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.

04 · Where the numbers come from

Sources

A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
Disciplinare di produzione: Friuli Grave · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method

Still to check (3)

Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
From the specification: Most types may be dry or abboccato (Verduzzo also amabile or dolce), so sweetness is left null; spumante may be extra brut to demi-sec and its method is not specified. Vinification is also allowed in Pordenone and Udine provinces and some nearby communes; the riserva mention (not for novello or rosato) applies to any other type released after two years from 11 November; spumante varietals may include Pinot nero up to 15%, which conflicts with the general 95% varietal minimum.
National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.