What is made here
Wine colours
The only colour the rules allow.
Where it is
Charlemagne in France
- Latitude
- 47.1°–47.1° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 234 m to 373 m
- Delimited vineyard land
- 63 ha
Lies within
Aloxe-Corton, Corton-Charlemagne, Corton, Bourgogne aligoté, Bourgogne, Crémant de Bourgogne, Bourgogne mousseux, Coteaux Bourguignons, Bourgogne Passe-tout-grains
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). Uses the delimited parcels where INAO publishes them.
The delimited vineyard parcels themselves, so the shape is patchy: only land within them may grow the wine. Boundary: INAO parcel delimitation (Licence Ouverte); nearby parcels drawn as one block, with less detail for larger appellations. Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Charlemagne must meet.
Blend rules
Charlemagne
- – Chardonnay · Main grape
- ≤ 10% Pinot Blanc · Allowed
; release from 30 June of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Charlemagne Grand Cru
- – Chardonnay · Main grape
- ≤ 10% Pinot Blanc · Allowed
; release from 30 June of the year after the harvest.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
1 varieties · Charlemagne, Charlemagne Grand Cru
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
9,000
Vines per hectare, minimum
Training
Systems allowed
cordon de Royat; cordon bilatéral; taille Guyot simple
Prohibited
Irrigation
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 15.8 °C, intermediate on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,266 growing degree days (Winkler Ib).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 298 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 15.8 °C
- Intermediate · 15–17 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,266
- Region Ib: 1,111–1,388 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 533 mm
- Of 918 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 164 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 323 m; Vineyard point 2, 337 m; Vineyard point 3, 232 m; Vineyard point 4, 369 m; Vineyard point 5, 229 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. BourgogneVery similarCompared with Charlemagne: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. EisenbergVery similarCompared with Charlemagne: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. Coteaux BourguignonsVery similarCompared with Charlemagne: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 164 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Cahier des charges: Charlemagne (Cahiers des charges pour les AOC suivantes : Clos de Tart, Côtes de Millau, Bonnes-Mares, Côte de Beaune, Criots-Bâtard-Montrachet, Charlemagne, Meursault et Bl) · Ministère de l'Agriculture (Bulletin officiel), as linked by INAO · Official act
- Délimitation parcellaire des AOC viticoles de l'INAO · Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité (INAO), via data.gouv.fr · Licence Ouverte / Open Licence (Etalab)
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Pinot blanc is limited to 10% of the holding's vineyard and to 30% of the blend. Fermentable sugars may reach 4 g/l when total acidity is at least 4.13 g/l (tartaric). Short pruning allows up to 10 buds per vine, Guyot simple up to 8; wines are aged until at least 15 June after the harvest. The encépagement section was missing from the extracted chapter and was read from the full text; 'Grand cru' has the same rules.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.