What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Roma in Italy
- Latitude
- 41.4°–42.2° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 43 m to 299 m
- Production zone
- 403,184 ha
Contains 12 appellations (outlined on the zone map)
Bianco Capena, Cannellino di Frascati, Cesanese di Affile, Cesanese di Olevano Romano, Colli Albani, Colli Lanuvini, Frascati, Frascati Superiore, Marino, Montecompatri Colonna, Nettuno, Zagarolo
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Roma must meet.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Bianco
- ≥ 50% Malvasia del Lazio · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Bellone / Bombino / Greco b. / Trebbiano giallo / Trebbiano verde · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 15 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Bianco Classico
- ≥ 50% Malvasia del Lazio · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Bellone / Bombino / Greco b. / Trebbiano giallo / Trebbiano verde · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 15 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Bianco Amabile
- ≥ 50% Malvasia del Lazio · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Bellone / Bombino / Greco b. / Trebbiano giallo / Trebbiano verde · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 15 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Bianco Amabile Classico
- ≥ 50% Malvasia del Lazio · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Bellone / Bombino / Greco b. / Trebbiano giallo / Trebbiano verde · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 15 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Bellone
- ≥ 85% Bellone · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 15 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Bellone Classico
- ≥ 85% Bellone · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 15 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Malvasia Puntinata
- ≥ 85% Malvasia puntinata · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 15 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Malvasia Puntinata Classico
- ≥ 85% Malvasia puntinata · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 15 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Rosso
- ≥ 50% Montepulciano · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Cesanese comune / Cesanese di Affile / Sangiovese / Cabernet Sauvignon / Cabernet Franc / Sirah · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 31 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Rosso Classico
- ≥ 50% Montepulciano · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Cesanese comune / Cesanese di Affile / Sangiovese / Cabernet Sauvignon / Cabernet Franc / Sirah · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 31 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Rosso Amabile
- ≥ 50% Montepulciano · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Cesanese comune / Cesanese di Affile / Sangiovese / Cabernet Sauvignon / Cabernet Franc / Sirah · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 31 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Rosso Amabile Classico
- ≥ 50% Montepulciano · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Cesanese comune / Cesanese di Affile / Sangiovese / Cabernet Sauvignon / Cabernet Franc / Sirah · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 31 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Rosso Riserva
- ≥ 50% Montepulciano · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Cesanese comune / Cesanese di Affile / Sangiovese / Cabernet Sauvignon / Cabernet Franc / Sirah · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Rosso Riserva Classico
- ≥ 50% Montepulciano · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Cesanese comune / Cesanese di Affile / Sangiovese / Cabernet Sauvignon / Cabernet Franc / Sirah · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Rosato
- ≥ 50% Montepulciano · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Cesanese comune / Cesanese di Affile / Sangiovese / Cabernet Sauvignon / Cabernet Franc / Sirah · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 15 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Rosato Classico
- ≥ 50% Montepulciano · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Cesanese comune / Cesanese di Affile / Sangiovese / Cabernet Sauvignon / Cabernet Franc / Sirah · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 15 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Vino Roma Romanella Spumante
- ≥ 50% Malvasia del Lazio · Main grape
- ≥ 35% Bellone / Bombino / Greco b. / Trebbiano giallo / Trebbiano verde · Allowed
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 15 March of the year after the harvest.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
34 varieties · 5 wines
Biancolella, Canaiolo Bianco, Capolongo, Falanghina, Fiano, Forastera, Friulano, Grechetto, Greco Bianco, Guarnaccia, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Manzoni Bianco, Maturano, Montonico Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Moscato di Terracina, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Pampanaro, Passerina, Pecorino, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Trebbiano Toscano, Trebbiano di Soave, Verdello, Vermentino, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
39 varieties · Vino Roma Bellone, Vino Roma Bellone Classico
Biancolella, Bombino Bianco, Canaiolo Bianco, Capolongo, Falanghina, Fiano, Forastera, Friulano, Grechetto, Greco, Greco Bianco, Guarnaccia, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia del Lazio, Manzoni Bianco, Maturano, Montonico Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Moscato di Terracina, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Pampanaro, Passerina, Pecorino, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Trebbiano Giallo, Trebbiano Toscano, Trebbiano di Soave, Verdello, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
39 varieties · Vino Roma Malvasia Puntinata, Vino Roma Malvasia Puntinata Classico
Bellone, Biancolella, Bombino Bianco, Canaiolo Bianco, Capolongo, Falanghina, Fiano, Forastera, Friulano, Grechetto, Greco, Greco Bianco, Guarnaccia, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Manzoni Bianco, Maturano, Montonico Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Moscato di Terracina, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Pampanaro, Passerina, Pecorino, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Trebbiano Giallo, Trebbiano Toscano, Trebbiano di Soave, Verdello, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
25 varieties · 8 wines
Abbuoto, Aglianico, Alicante, Ancellotta, Barbera, Bombino Nero, Calabrese, Canaiolo Nero, Carignan, Cesanese D Affile, Cesenese Nero, Ciliegiolo, Grechetto Rosso, Lambrusco Maestri, Lecinaro, Merlot, Nero Buono, Olivella Nera, Petit Verdot, Piedirosso, Pinot Noir, Primitivo, Sciascinoso, Tannat, Tempranillo
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
3,000
Vines per hectare, minimum
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Permitted
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 19.5 °C, hot on Gregory Jones's scale, with 2,026 growing degree days (Winkler IV).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 175 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 19.5 °C
- Hot · 19–21 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 2,026
- Region IV: 1,944–2,221 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 472 mm
- Of 975 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 225 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 48 m; Vineyard point 2, 320 m; Vineyard point 3, 81 m; Vineyard point 4, 210 m; Vineyard point 5, 216 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. Falerno del MassicoVery similarCompared with Roma: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Romagna AlbanaVery similarCompared with Roma: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. Colli della SabinaVery similarCompared with Roma: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 225 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Disciplinare di produzione: Roma (version published by MASAF up to May 2023, via the Internet Archive; later amendments not yet included) · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Classico wines follow the same rules as their base types, from the oldest part of the zone. Romanella spumante uses any sparkling-wine method permitted by law and ranges from brut to extra dry; bottling must take place in the zone. The 3,000 vines/ha minimum applies to vineyards planted after publication.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.