What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Cesanese di Affile in Italy
- Latitude
- 41.8°–41.9° N
- Production zone
- 5,367 ha
Lies within
Roma
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Cesanese di Affile must meet.
Blend rules
Cesanese di Affile/Affile
- ≥ 90% Cesanese di Affile · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other red grapes authorised in Lazio · Others allowed
; release from 1 July of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Cesanese di Affile/Affile Dolce
- ≥ 90% Cesanese di Affile · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other red grapes authorised in Lazio · Others allowed
Blend rules
Cesanese di Affile/Affile Riserva
- ≥ 90% Cesanese di Affile · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other red grapes authorised in Lazio · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
38 varieties · Cerveteri Bianco Frizzante
Bellone, Biancolella, Bombino Bianco, Canaiolo Bianco, Capolongo, Falanghina, Fiano, Forastera, Friulano, Grechetto, Greco, Greco Bianco, Guarnaccia, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia del Lazio, Manzoni Bianco, Maturano, Montonico Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Moscato di Terracina, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Pampanaro, Passerina, Pecorino, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Trebbiano Giallo, Trebbiano di Soave, Verdello, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
31 varieties · Cesanese di Affile/Affile, Cesanese di Affile/Affile Dolce, Cesanese di Affile/Affile Riserva
Ancellotta, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Cjanorie, Cordenossa, Forgiarin, Franconia, Gamay, Julius, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Petit Verdot, Piccola Nera, Piculit-Neri, Pignolo, Pinot Noir, Raboso Piave, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco Nostrano, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe, Terrano
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
3,000
Vines per hectare, minimum
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Permitted
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 17.9 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,687 growing degree days (Winkler III).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 540 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 17.9 °C
- Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,687
- Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 638 mm
- Of 1,243 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 247 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 2 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 529 m; Vineyard point 2, 550 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in moderately complex terrain; not yet checked against a weather station.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. Vinho VerdeVery similarCompared with Cesanese di Affile: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Côtes du VivaraisVery similarCompared with Cesanese di Affile: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. MonferratoVery similarCompared with Cesanese di Affile: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 247 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- Disciplinare di produzione: Cesanese di Affile · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: The register list for this PDO includes 'Cerveteri Bianco Frizzante', which belongs to the Cerveteri DOC and is not governed by this Cesanese di Affile text; its values are null. Tendone and pergola are prohibited for new plantings.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.