What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
The source gives no colour for 1 wine category here, so the colours below are incomplete.
Where it is
Islas Canarias in Spain
- Latitude
- 27.6°–29.4° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 212 m to 845 m
- Production zone
- 744,653 ha
Contains 10 appellations (outlined on the zone map)
Abona, El Hierro, Gran Canaria, La Gomera, La Palma, Lanzarote, Tacoronte-Acentejo, Valle de Güímar, Valle de la Orotava, Ycoden-Daute-Isora
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Islas Canarias must meet.
Blend rules
Islas Canarias red wines
- ≥ 85% red varieties · Main grape
- – Varieties listed in the specification · Others allowed
Blend rules
Islas Canarias 'barrica' or 'roble'
- ≥ 85% red varieties · Main grape
- – Varieties listed in the specification · Others allowed
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
31 varieties · Islas Canarias (aerated semi-sparkling wine)
Bastardo Blanco, Bastardo Negro, Bermejuela, Breval, Burrablanca, Cabernet Sauvignon, Castellana Negra, Doradilla, Forastera Blanca, Gual, Listán Blanco de Canarias, Listán Negro, Listán Prieto, Malvasía Aromatica, Malvasía Rosada, Malvasía Volcánica, Merlot, Moscatel Negro, Moscatel de Alejandria, Negramoll, Pedro Ximénez, Pinot Noir, Ruby Cabernet, Sabro, Syrah, Tempranillo, Tintilla, Torrontés, Verdello, Vijariego Blanco, Vijariego Negro
15 varieties · Islas Canarias (quality sparkling wine), Islas Canarias (wine of overripe grapes), Islas Canarias liqueur wines
Bastardo Negro, Cabernet Sauvignon, Castellana Negra, Listán Negro, Listán Prieto, Malvasía Rosada, Merlot, Moscatel Negro, Negramoll, Pinot Noir, Ruby Cabernet, Syrah, Tempranillo, Tintilla, Vijariego Negro
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
800
Vines per hectare, minimum
Training
Systems allowed
gobelet; rastras; cordon; traditional parral; low parral; trellis
Permitted, with limits
Irrigation
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 21.2 °C, very hot on Gregory Jones's scale, with 2,401 growing degree days (Winkler V).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 220 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 21.2 °C
- Very hot · above 21 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 2,401
- Region V: 2,222 and over degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 76 mm
- Of 224 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 35 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 350 m; Vineyard point 2, 182 m; Vineyard point 3, 207 m; Vineyard point 4, 269 m; Vineyard point 5, 91 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in complex terrain (height corrections up to 3.4 °C); absolute values may be several degrees out, year-to-year changes are more reliable.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. ΣαντορίνηVery similarCompared with Islas Canarias: same season warmth, drier (−16 mm).
2. Βουνί Παναγιάς – ΑμπελίτηςVery similarCompared with Islas Canarias: same season warmth, wetter (+34 mm).
3. Κρασοχώρια Λεμεσού - ΑφάμηςVery similarCompared with Islas Canarias: same season warmth, wetter (+22 mm).
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 35 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Single document: Islas Canarias (Official Journal C 88, 24.2.2022; and the technical file 'Ares(2014)2153123' from the EU register) · European Union, Official Journal (C series) · EU law (Commission reuse policy)
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Permitted varieties (32) include Listán Blanco de Canarias, Listán Negro, Malvasía Volcánica, Negramoll and Vijariego, without shares. Traditional Lanzarote holdings may be planted at 400 vines/ha. Bottling must take place in registered wineries in the area; island and municipality names may appear on labels. The document gives the sparkling natural-strength minimum for 'aerated quality sparkling wines'. 'Barrica' or 'roble' wines (any colour) need at least 3 months in oak of at most 330 l; 'fermentado en barrica' requires fermentation in such oak and 3 months there afterwards. The older national technical file (2014) gives yields of 10,000 kg/ha and 74 hl/ha, against 15,000 kg/ha and 111 hl/ha in the single document.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.