Vinous

DOC · Appellation profile

Trentino

253,854 haProduction zone
98Wines in the rules
17.3 °CGrowing season · warm
IIWinkler region

What is made here

Wine colours

Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.

Where it is

Trentino in Italy

Latitude
45.7°–46.3° N
Vineyard altitude
86 m to 588 m
Production zone
253,854 ha

Lies within
delle Venezie

Contains 3 appellations (outlined on the zone map)
Casteller, Teroldego Rotaliano, Trento

Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.

Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.

Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.

01 · What the law says

The rules

Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Trentino must meet.

98 wines in the rules, all colours.
WineMain grape(s)Max yield
t/ha
Max wine
hl/ha
Wine from grapes
max. %
Grape ripeness
min. % pot. alc.
Wine
min. % alc.
Actual alc.
min. %
Acidity
min. g/l
Dry extract
min. g/l
Ageing
min. months
Trentino Bianco 80% Chardonnay / Pinot bianco151057010.511–4.516–
Trentino Bianco Superiore 85% Chardonnay / Pinot bianco / Pinot grigio10707011.512.5–4.52012
Trentino Bianco Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva Chardonnay / Kerner / Manzoni bianco / Pinot bianco / Pinot grigio / Riesling renano / Müller Thurgau / Sauvignon / Traminer aromatico / Nosiola / Moscato giallo12605015151152312
Trentino Bianco Superiore Riserva 80% Chardonnay / Pinot bianco1510570–11.5–4.51612
Trentino Rosso Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère / Merlot14987010.511.5–422–
Trentino Rosso Superiore 85% Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère / Merlot9637011.512.5–4.52522
Trentino Rosso Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva Moscato Rosa6305015151152312
Trentino Rosso Superiore Riserva Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère / Merlot149870–12–42224
Trentino Kretzer/Rosato Enantio / Schiava / Teroldego / Lagrein15105701011–417–
Trentino Chardonnay 85% Chardonnay151057010.511–4.516–
Trentino Chardonnay Superiore 85% Chardonnay10707011.512.5–4.51910
Trentino Chardonnay Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva 85% Chardonnay10505015151152312
Trentino Chardonnay Superiore Riserva 85% Chardonnay1510570–11.5–4.51612
Trentino Kerner 85% Kerner1498709.511–4.517–
Trentino Kerner Superiore 85% Kerner10707010.512.5–4.51910
Trentino Kerner Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva 85% Kerner10505015151152312
Trentino Kerner Superiore Riserva 85% Kerner149870–11.5–4.51712
Trentino Manzoni Bianco 85% Manzoni Bianco151057010.511–4.517–
Trentino Manzoni Bianco Superiore 85% Manzoni Bianco10707011.512.5–4.51910
Trentino Manzoni Bianco Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva 85% Manzoni Bianco10505015151152312
Trentino Manzoni Bianco Superiore Riserva 85% Manzoni Bianco1510570–11.5–4.51712
Trentino Moscato Giallo 85% Moscato Giallo12847010.511–4.517–
Trentino Moscato Giallo Superiore 85% Moscato Giallo10707010.512–4.5194
Trentino Moscato Giallo Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva 85% Moscato Giallo10505015151152312
Trentino Moscato Rosa/delle Rose 85% Moscato Rosa848601515–523–
Trentino Moscato Rosa/delle Rose Superiore 85% Moscato Rosa6366015151152310
Trentino Moscato Rosa/delle Rose Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva 85% Moscato Rosa6305015151152312
Trentino Moscato Giallo Liquoroso 85% Moscato Giallo12––10.5–154.517–
Trentino Moscato Rosa/delle Rose Liquoroso 85% Moscato Rosa8––10.5–15523–
Trentino Muller Turghau 85% Müller-Thurgau1498709.511–4.516–
Trentino Muller Turghau Superiore 85% Müller-Thurgau12847010.512–4.5184
Trentino Muller Turghau Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva 85% Müller-Thurgau12605015151152312
Trentino Nosiola 85% Nosiola1498709.510.5–4.516–
Trentino Nosiola Superiore 85% Nosiola12847010.512–4.5194
Trentino Nosiola Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva 85% Nosiola12605015151152312
Trentino Pinot Bianco 85% Pinot Blanc151057010.511–4.516–
Trentino Pinot Bianco Superiore 85% Pinot Blanc1070701112.5–4.51910
Trentino Pinot Bianco Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva 85% Pinot Blanc10505015151152312
Trentino Pinot Bianco Superiore Riserva 85% Pinot Blanc1510570–11.5–4.51612
Trentino Pinot Grigio 85% Pinot Grigio151057010.511–416–
Trentino Pinot Grigio Superiore 85% Pinot Grigio10707011.512.5–4.51910
Trentino Pinot Grigio Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva 85% Pinot Grigio10505015151152312
Trentino Pinot Grigio Superiore Riserva 85% Pinot Grigio1510570–11.5–41612
Trentino Riesling Italico 85% Welschriesling151057010.510.5–4.516–
Trentino Riesling Renano 85% Riesling14987010.511–4.517–
Trentino Riesling Renano Superiore 85% Riesling1070701112–4.51910
Trentino Riesling Renano Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva 85% Riesling10505015151152312
Trentino Riesling Renano Superiore Riserva 85% Riesling149870–11.5–4.51712
Trentino Sauvignon 85% Sauvignon Blanc14987010.511–4.517–
Trentino Sauvignon Superiore 85% Sauvignon Blanc10707011.512.5–4.51910
Trentino Sauvignon Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva 85% Sauvignon Blanc10505015151152312
Trentino Sauvignon Superiore Riserva 85% Sauvignon Blanc149870–11.5–4.51712
Trentino Traminer Aromatico 85% Gewürztraminer1498701111.5–417–
Trentino Traminer Aromatico Superiore 85% Gewürztraminer10707011.512.5–41910
Trentino Traminer Aromatico Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva 85% Gewürztraminer10505015151152312
Trentino Bianco da due Varietà di Vite two of Chardonnay / Pinot bianco / Pinot grigio / Sauvignon1510570–11–4.517–
Trentino Cabernet Cabernet (Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère), Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère13917010.511–422–
Trentino Cabernet Superiore Cabernet (Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère), Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère9637011.512.5–4.52522
Trentino Cabernet Superiore Riserva Cabernet (Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère), Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère139170–11.5–42224
Trentino Cabernet Franc 85% Cabernet Franc13917010.511–422–
Trentino Cabernet Franc Superiore 85% Cabernet Franc9637011.512.5–4.52522
Trentino Cabernet Franc Superiore Riserva 85% Cabernet Franc139170–11.5–42224
Trentino Cabernet Sauvignon 85% Cabernet Sauvignon13917010.511–422–
Trentino Cabernet Sauvignon Superiore 85% Cabernet Sauvignon9637011.512.5–4.52522
Trentino Cabernet Sauvignon Superiore Riserva 85% Cabernet Sauvignon139170–11.5–42224
Trentino Lagrein 85% Lagrein14987010.511–4––
Trentino Lagrein Superiore 85% Lagrein9637011.512.5–4.52522
Trentino Lagrein Superiore Riserva 85% Lagrein149870–11.5–4–24
Trentino Marzemino 85% Marzemino13917010.511–420–
Trentino Marzemino Superiore 85% Marzemino10707011.512.5–4.52410
Trentino Marzemino Superiore Riserva 85% Marzemino139170–11.5–42024
Trentino Merlot 85% Merlot151057010.511–422–
Trentino Merlot Superiore 85% Merlot9637011.512.5–4.52522
Trentino Merlot Superiore Riserva 85% Merlot1510570–11.5–42224
Trentino Pinot Nero 85% Pinot Noir1284701111.5–421–
Trentino Pinot Nero Superiore 85% Pinot Noir8567011.512.5–4.52212
Trentino Pinot Nero Superiore Riserva 85% Pinot Noir128470–12–42124
Trentino Rebo 85% Rebo14987010.511–420–
Trentino Rebo Superiore 85% Rebo9637011.512.5–4.52522
Trentino Rebo Superiore Riserva 85% Rebo149870–11.5–42024
Trentino Schiava Gentile 85% Schiava15105701011–417–
Trentino Schiava Gentile Superiore 85% Schiava12847010.511.5–4174
Trentino Schiava Schiava (Schiava gentile / Schiava grigia / Schiava grossa), Schiava gentile / Schiava grigia / Schiava grossa15105701011–417–
Trentino Schiava Superiore Schiava (Schiava gentile / Schiava grigia / Schiava grossa), Schiava gentile / Schiava grigia / Schiava grossa12847010.511.5–4174
Trentino Vino Santo 85% Nosiola144230161610623–
Trentino Vino Santo Superiore 85% Nosiola12363010.5181162648
Trentino Rosso da due Varietà di Vite two of Cabernet / Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Merlot / Lagrein149870–11–422–
Trentino Sorni Bianco/Bianco dei Sorni Nosiola / Müller Thurgau / Sylvaner verde / Pinot bianco / Pinot grigio / Chardonnay14987010.511–4.517–
Trentino Sorni Rosso/Rosso dei Sorni Teroldego / Schiava (Schiava gentile, Schiava grigia, Schiava grossa) / Lagrein14987010.511–420–
Trentino Superiore Marzemino Isera/d’Isera Marzemino gentile9637011.512.5–4.52410
Trentino Superiore Marzemino Ziresi/dei Ziresi Marzemino gentile9637011.512.5–4.52410
Trentino Superiore Castel Beseno/Beseno Moscato Giallo963701112–4.5194
Trentino Superiore Müller Thurgau Valle di Cembra/Cembra Müller-Thurgau12847010.512–5184
Trentino Superiore Pinot Nero Valle di Cembra/Cembra Pinot Noir7497011.512.5–4.52212
Trentino Superiore Riesling Renano Valle di Cembra/Cembra Riesling856701112–4.51912
Trentino Superiore Schiava Gentile Valle di Cembra/Cembra Schiava12847010.511.5–4174
Trentino Superiore Schiava Valle di Cembra/Cembra Schiava (Schiava gentile / Schiava grigia / Schiava grossa)12847010.511.5–4174
Trentino Superiore Castel Beseno/Beseno passito e vendemmia tardiva Moscato Giallo––––151152312

From the official production rules (disciplinare di produzione). Hover a figure to see the clause it comes from. A dash means the rules set no figure, or it is not captured yet.

Blend rules

Trentino Bianco

  • ≥ 80% Chardonnay / Pinot bianco · Main grape
  • ≤ 20% Sauvignon / Müller Thurgau / Manzoni bianco · Allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Bianco Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Chardonnay / Pinot bianco / Pinot grigio · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% Manzoni bianco / Riesling renano / Sauvignon / Traminer aromatico · Allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Bianco Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 80% Chardonnay / Pinot bianco · Main grape
  • ≤ 20% Sauvignon / Müller Thurgau / Manzoni bianco · Allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Rosso Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère / Merlot · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% Lagrein / Rebo · Allowed

At least 22 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Rosso Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • – Moscato Rosa · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Chardonnay

  • ≥ 85% Chardonnay · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Chardonnay Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Chardonnay · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Chardonnay Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • ≥ 85% Chardonnay · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Chardonnay Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Chardonnay · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Kerner

  • ≥ 85% Kerner · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Kerner Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Kerner · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Kerner Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • ≥ 85% Kerner · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Kerner Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Kerner · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Manzoni Bianco

  • ≥ 85% Manzoni Bianco · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Manzoni Bianco Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Manzoni Bianco · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Manzoni Bianco Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • ≥ 85% Manzoni Bianco · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Manzoni Bianco Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Manzoni Bianco · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Moscato Giallo

  • ≥ 85% Moscato Giallo · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Moscato Giallo Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Moscato Giallo · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 4 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Moscato Giallo Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • ≥ 85% Moscato Giallo · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Moscato Rosa/delle Rose

  • ≥ 85% Moscato Rosa · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Moscato Rosa/delle Rose Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Moscato Rosa · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Moscato Rosa/delle Rose Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • ≥ 85% Moscato Rosa · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Moscato Giallo Liquoroso

  • ≥ 85% Moscato Giallo · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Moscato Rosa/delle Rose Liquoroso

  • ≥ 85% Moscato Rosa · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Muller Turghau

  • ≥ 85% Müller-Thurgau · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Muller Turghau Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Müller-Thurgau · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 4 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Muller Turghau Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • ≥ 85% Müller-Thurgau · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Nosiola

  • ≥ 85% Nosiola · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Nosiola Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Nosiola · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 4 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Nosiola Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • ≥ 85% Nosiola · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Pinot Bianco

  • ≥ 85% Pinot Blanc · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Pinot Bianco Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Pinot Blanc · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Pinot Bianco Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • ≥ 85% Pinot Blanc · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Pinot Bianco Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Pinot Blanc · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Pinot Grigio

  • ≥ 85% Pinot Grigio · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Pinot Grigio Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Pinot Grigio · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Pinot Grigio Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • ≥ 85% Pinot Grigio · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Pinot Grigio Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Pinot Grigio · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Riesling Italico

  • ≥ 85% Welschriesling · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Riesling Renano

  • ≥ 85% Riesling · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Riesling Renano Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Riesling · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Riesling Renano Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • ≥ 85% Riesling · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Riesling Renano Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Riesling · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Sauvignon

  • ≥ 85% Sauvignon Blanc · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Sauvignon Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Sauvignon Blanc · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Sauvignon Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • ≥ 85% Sauvignon Blanc · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Sauvignon Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Sauvignon Blanc · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Traminer Aromatico

  • ≥ 85% Gewürztraminer · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Traminer Aromatico Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Gewürztraminer · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Traminer Aromatico Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

  • ≥ 85% Gewürztraminer · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Bianco da due Varietà di Vite

  • – two of Chardonnay / Pinot bianco / Pinot grigio / Sauvignon · Main grape
  • ≥ 25% the lesser of the two varieties · Allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Cabernet

  • ≥ 85% Cabernet (Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère) · Main grape
  • – Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

; release from 1 March of the year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Trentino Cabernet Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Cabernet (Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère) · Main grape
  • – Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 22 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Cabernet Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Cabernet (Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère) · Main grape
  • – Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Cabernet Franc

  • ≥ 85% Cabernet Franc · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

; release from 1 March of the year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Trentino Cabernet Franc Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Cabernet Franc · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 22 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Cabernet Franc Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Cabernet Franc · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Cabernet Sauvignon

  • ≥ 85% Cabernet Sauvignon · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

; release from 1 March of the year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Trentino Cabernet Sauvignon Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Cabernet Sauvignon · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 22 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Cabernet Sauvignon Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Cabernet Sauvignon · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Lagrein

  • ≥ 85% Lagrein · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

; release from 1 March of the year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Trentino Lagrein Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Lagrein · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 22 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Lagrein Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Lagrein · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Marzemino

  • ≥ 85% Marzemino · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Marzemino Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Marzemino · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Marzemino Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Marzemino · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Merlot

  • ≥ 85% Merlot · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

; release from 1 March of the year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Trentino Merlot Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Merlot · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 22 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Merlot Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Merlot · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Pinot Nero

  • ≥ 85% Pinot Noir · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

; release from 1 March of the year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Trentino Pinot Nero Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Pinot Noir · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Pinot Nero Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Pinot Noir · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Rebo

  • ≥ 85% Rebo · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Rebo Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Rebo · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 22 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Rebo Superiore Riserva

  • ≥ 85% Rebo · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Schiava Gentile

  • ≥ 85% Schiava · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Schiava Gentile Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Schiava · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 4 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Schiava

  • ≥ 85% Schiava (Schiava gentile / Schiava grigia / Schiava grossa) · Main grape
  • – Schiava gentile / Schiava grigia / Schiava grossa · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Schiava Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Schiava (Schiava gentile / Schiava grigia / Schiava grossa) · Main grape
  • – Schiava gentile / Schiava grigia / Schiava grossa · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 4 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Vino Santo

  • ≥ 85% Nosiola · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other grapes of similar colour suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

; release from 1 November of the third year after the harvest.

Blend rules

Trentino Rosso da due Varietà di Vite

  • – two of Cabernet / Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Merlot / Lagrein · Main grape
  • ≥ 25% the lesser of the two varieties · Allowed

Blend rules

Trentino Superiore Marzemino Isera/d’Isera

  • – Marzemino gentile · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other black grapes suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Superiore Marzemino Ziresi/dei Ziresi

  • – Marzemino gentile · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other black grapes suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Superiore Castel Beseno/Beseno

  • – Moscato Giallo · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 4 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Superiore Müller Thurgau Valle di Cembra/Cembra

  • – Müller-Thurgau · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 4 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Superiore Pinot Nero Valle di Cembra/Cembra

  • – Pinot Noir · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other black grapes suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Superiore Riesling Renano Valle di Cembra/Cembra

  • – Riesling · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Superiore Schiava Gentile Valle di Cembra/Cembra

  • – Schiava · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other black grapes suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 4 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Superiore Schiava Valle di Cembra/Cembra

  • – Schiava (Schiava gentile / Schiava grigia / Schiava grossa) · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other black grapes suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 4 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Trentino Superiore Castel Beseno/Beseno passito e vendemmia tardiva

  • – Moscato Giallo · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for the province of Trento · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Other varieties allowed

Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.

24 varieties · 17 wines

Biancaccia, Bronner, Goldtraminer, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Johanniter, Kerner, Lagarino, Manzoni Bianco, Maor, Muller Thurgau, Nosiola, Paolina, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Solaris, Souvignier Gris, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdealbara, Welschriesling

23 varieties · 4 wines

Biancaccia, Bronner, Goldtraminer, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Johanniter, Lagarino, Manzoni Bianco, Maor, Muller Thurgau, Nosiola, Paolina, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Solaris, Souvignier Gris, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdealbara, Welschriesling

23 varieties · 4 wines

Biancaccia, Bronner, Goldtraminer, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Johanniter, Kerner, Lagarino, Maor, Muller Thurgau, Nosiola, Paolina, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Solaris, Souvignier Gris, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdealbara, Welschriesling

31 varieties · 5 wines

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Casetta, Franconia, Gosen, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Revo, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Lagrein, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Marzemino, Merlot, Meunier, Negrara, Pavana, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Portoghese, Rebo, Rossara, Saint Laurent, Schiava Gentile, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Sennen, Syrah, Teroldego, Turca

23 varieties · 4 wines

Biancaccia, Bronner, Goldtraminer, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Johanniter, Kerner, Lagarino, Manzoni Bianco, Maor, Nosiola, Paolina, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Solaris, Souvignier Gris, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdealbara, Welschriesling

23 varieties · Trentino Nosiola, Trentino Nosiola Superiore, Trentino Nosiola Superiore Vendemmia Tardiva

Biancaccia, Bronner, Goldtraminer, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Johanniter, Kerner, Lagarino, Manzoni Bianco, Maor, Muller Thurgau, Paolina, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Solaris, Souvignier Gris, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdealbara, Welschriesling

23 varieties · 4 wines

Biancaccia, Bronner, Goldtraminer, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Johanniter, Kerner, Lagarino, Manzoni Bianco, Maor, Muller Thurgau, Nosiola, Paolina, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Solaris, Souvignier Gris, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdealbara, Welschriesling

23 varieties · Trentino Riesling Italico

Biancaccia, Bronner, Goldtraminer, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Johanniter, Kerner, Lagarino, Manzoni Bianco, Maor, Muller Thurgau, Nosiola, Paolina, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Solaris, Souvignier Gris, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdealbara

23 varieties · 5 wines

Biancaccia, Bronner, Goldtraminer, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Johanniter, Kerner, Lagarino, Manzoni Bianco, Maor, Muller Thurgau, Nosiola, Paolina, Pinot Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Solaris, Souvignier Gris, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdealbara, Welschriesling

23 varieties · 4 wines

Biancaccia, Bronner, Goldtraminer, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Johanniter, Kerner, Lagarino, Manzoni Bianco, Maor, Muller Thurgau, Nosiola, Paolina, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Solaris, Souvignier Gris, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdealbara, Welschriesling

28 varieties · Trentino Cabernet, Trentino Cabernet Superiore, Trentino Cabernet Superiore Riserva

Casetta, Franconia, Gosen, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Revo, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Lagrein, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Marzemino, Merlot, Meunier, Negrara, Pavana, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Portoghese, Rebo, Rossara, Saint Laurent, Schiava Gentile, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Sennen, Syrah, Teroldego, Turca

30 varieties · Trentino Cabernet Franc, Trentino Cabernet Franc Superiore, Trentino Cabernet Franc Superiore Riserva

Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Casetta, Franconia, Gosen, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Revo, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Lagrein, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Marzemino, Merlot, Meunier, Negrara, Pavana, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Portoghese, Rebo, Rossara, Saint Laurent, Schiava Gentile, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Sennen, Syrah, Teroldego, Turca

30 varieties · Trentino Cabernet Sauvignon, Trentino Cabernet Sauvignon Superiore, Trentino Cabernet Sauvignon Superiore Riserva

Cabernet Franc, Carmenere, Casetta, Franconia, Gosen, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Revo, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Lagrein, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Marzemino, Merlot, Meunier, Negrara, Pavana, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Portoghese, Rebo, Rossara, Saint Laurent, Schiava Gentile, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Sennen, Syrah, Teroldego, Turca

30 varieties · Trentino Lagrein, Trentino Lagrein Superiore, Trentino Lagrein Superiore Riserva

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Casetta, Franconia, Gosen, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Revo, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Marzemino, Merlot, Meunier, Negrara, Pavana, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Portoghese, Rebo, Rossara, Saint Laurent, Schiava Gentile, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Sennen, Syrah, Teroldego, Turca

30 varieties · 5 wines

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Casetta, Franconia, Gosen, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Revo, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Lagrein, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Merlot, Meunier, Negrara, Pavana, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Portoghese, Rebo, Rossara, Saint Laurent, Schiava Gentile, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Sennen, Syrah, Teroldego, Turca

30 varieties · Trentino Merlot, Trentino Merlot Superiore, Trentino Merlot Superiore Riserva

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Casetta, Franconia, Gosen, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Revo, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Lagrein, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Marzemino, Meunier, Negrara, Pavana, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Portoghese, Rebo, Rossara, Saint Laurent, Schiava Gentile, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Sennen, Syrah, Teroldego, Turca

30 varieties · 4 wines

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Casetta, Franconia, Gosen, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Revo, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Lagrein, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Marzemino, Merlot, Meunier, Negrara, Pavana, Petit Verdot, Portoghese, Rebo, Rossara, Saint Laurent, Schiava Gentile, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Sennen, Syrah, Teroldego, Turca

30 varieties · Trentino Rebo, Trentino Rebo Superiore, Trentino Rebo Superiore Riserva

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Casetta, Franconia, Gosen, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Revo, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Lagrein, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Marzemino, Merlot, Meunier, Negrara, Pavana, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Portoghese, Rossara, Saint Laurent, Schiava Gentile, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Sennen, Syrah, Teroldego, Turca

30 varieties · Trentino Schiava Gentile, Trentino Schiava Gentile Superiore, Trentino Superiore Schiava Gentile Valle di Cembra/Cembra

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Casetta, Franconia, Gosen, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Revo, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Lagrein, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Marzemino, Merlot, Meunier, Negrara, Pavana, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Portoghese, Rebo, Rossara, Saint Laurent, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Sennen, Syrah, Teroldego, Turca

28 varieties · Trentino Schiava, Trentino Schiava Superiore, Trentino Superiore Schiava Valle di Cembra/Cembra

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Casetta, Franconia, Gosen, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Revo, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Lagrein, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Marzemino, Merlot, Meunier, Negrara, Pavana, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Portoghese, Rebo, Rossara, Saint Laurent, Sennen, Syrah, Teroldego, Turca

25 varieties · Trentino Vino Santo, Trentino Vino Santo Superiore

Biancaccia, Bronner, Goldtraminer, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Johanniter, Kerner, Lagarino, Manzoni Bianco, Maor, Muller Thurgau, Paolina, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Solaris, Souvignier Gris, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdealbara, Viognier, Welschriesling

26 varieties · Trentino Rosso da due Varietà di Vite

Casetta, Franconia, Gosen, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Revo, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Marzemino, Meunier, Negrara, Pavana, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Portoghese, Rebo, Rossara, Saint Laurent, Schiava Gentile, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Sennen, Syrah, Teroldego, Turca

In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine

2,500
Vines per hectare, minimum
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Permitted
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
Allowed
Enrichment (chaptalisation)

02 · Climate fingerprint

The climate

The growing season averages 17.3 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,571 growing degree days (Winkler II).

The average year  1991–2020, vineyards at about 381 m

Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
2.1° 55 Jan 3.8° 62 Feb 7.7° 80 Mar 11.3° 120 Apr 15.9° 144 May 19.7° 143 Jun 21.7° 137 Jul 21.7° 134 Aug 17.7° 125 Sep 13.3° 140 Oct 8.0° 145 Nov 3.6° 80 Dec
Growing-season temperature
17.3 °C
Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
Growing degree days
1,571
Region II: 1,389–1,666 degree days
Growing-season rain
943 mm
Of 1,365 mm a year
Harvest rain
265 mm
September–October

Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 567 m; Vineyard point 2, 239 m; Vineyard point 3, 459 m; Vineyard point 4, 134 m; Vineyard point 5, 504 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.

Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in complex terrain (height corrections up to 6.1 °C); absolute values may be several degrees out, year-to-year changes are more reliable.

Closest climates in the database

Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.

1. Colli Orientali del Friuli PicolitVery similarCompared with Trentino: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Montello RossoVery similarCompared with Trentino: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. Colli di ConeglianoVery similarCompared with Trentino: same season warmth, similar rain.

Growing-season temperature

Trentino
17.3 °C
Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit
17.3 °C
Montello Rosso
17.3 °C
Colli di Conegliano
17.4 °C

Growing degree days

Trentino
1,571
Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit
1,565
Montello Rosso
1,565
Colli di Conegliano
1,581

Growing-season rain

Trentino
943 mm
Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit
954 mm
Montello Rosso
920 mm
Colli di Conegliano
930 mm

03 · Year by year

35 vintages

Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.

Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 265 mm
2025
Growing-season temp.
Growing degree days
Harvest rain
Growing-season rain
September nights
Hot days and frosts

Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.

04 · Where the numbers come from

Sources

  1. A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
  2. Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
  3. ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
  4. OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
  5. Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
  6. Disciplinare di produzione: Trentino (version published by MASAF up to May 2023, via the Internet Archive; later amendments not yet included) · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
  7. Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
  8. Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
  • Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
  • From the specification: Register names ending 'Superiore Riserva' are mapped to the Titolo I 'riserva' rules (the Titolo II Superiore rules have no riserva); riserva grapes need 0.5% vol more natural alcohol than the base type. Superiore wines (Titolo II) require 4,000 vines/ha on vertical trellis or 3,500 on pergola for new plantings, per-variety altitude limits, and no enrichment for Vino Santo and vendemmia tardiva; Lagrein extract is 20 g/l for rubino/dunkel and 19 g/l for rosato/kretzer. Vino Santo grapes are dried on racks (Titolo I vinification not before 1 February; Superiore drying until at least 1 March). Values for the Superiore Castel Beseno passito/vendemmia tardiva type are from the Castel Beseno annex; Superiore 'Moscato rosa' and Vino Santo are sweet.
  • National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.