What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
The source gives no colour for 1 wine category here, so the colours below are incomplete.
Where it is
Ponikve in Croatia
- Latitude
- 42.8°–42.9° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 28 m to 345 m
- Production zone
- 16,854 ha
Lies within
Srednja i Južna Dalmacija, Primorska Hrvatska
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Ponikve must meet.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
3 varieties · 5 wines
Maraština, Plavac Mali Crni, Pošip Bijeli
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
Training
Systems allowed
bush, without trellis
Not allowed
Enrichment (chaptalisation)
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 19.7 °C, hot on Gregory Jones's scale, with 2,075 growing degree days (Winkler IV).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 140 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 19.7 °C
- Hot · 19–21 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 2,075
- Region IV: 1,944–2,221 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 609 mm
- Of 1,280 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 277 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 192 m; Vineyard point 2, 31 m; Vineyard point 3, 75 m; Vineyard point 4, 153 m; Vineyard point 5, 247 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. Corti Benedettine del PadovanoVery similarCompared with Ponikve: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Bagnoli FriularoVery similarCompared with Ponikve: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. Bagnoli di SopraVery similarCompared with Ponikve: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 277 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Product specification: Ponikve
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Grapes are harvested by hand into boxes. Wine may not be sweetened, acidified or de-acidified. Raisined-grape wine (white or red) is made from grapes dried naturally in the sun, on the vine or on stones, lofts or crates, and its grapes need at least 130 °Oechsle.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.