What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Montilla-Moriles in Spain
- Latitude
- 37.2°–37.8° N
- Production zone
- 234,642 ha
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Montilla-Moriles must meet.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
9 varieties · 7 wines
Airén, Chardonnay, Macabeo, Moscatel de Alejandria, Moscatel de Grano Menudo, Pardina, Pedro Ximénez, Sauvignon Blanc, Torrontés
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
Permitted, with limits
Irrigation
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 22.5 °C, very hot on Gregory Jones's scale, with 2,667 growing degree days (Winkler V).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 255 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 22.5 °C
- Very hot · above 21 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 2,667
- Region V: 2,222 and over degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 229 mm
- Of 572 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 108 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 1 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 255 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Lower confidence:No vineyards are mapped here yet, so this is the climate at one point in the middle of the zone, which may not be where the vines are. Monthly reanalysis in complex terrain (height corrections up to 0.7 °C); absolute values may be several degrees out, year-to-year changes are more reliable.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. SiracusaVery similarCompared with Montilla-Moriles: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. LebrijaVery similarCompared with Montilla-Moriles: same season warmth, drier (−26 mm).
3. Condado de HuelvaVery similarCompared with Montilla-Moriles: same season warmth, drier (−27 mm).
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 108 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- Single document: Montilla-Moriles (Official Journal C 161, 3.5.2021; and the technical file 'Ares(2014)2132365' from the EU register) · European Union, Official Journal (C series) · EU law (Commission reuse policy)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Minimum total acidity is given only in milliequivalents per litre (46.667 meq/l) and is left null. Maximum total strength is 13.5 % for young white wine, 17 % for Fino and 22 % for the other liqueur wines; Amontillado, Oloroso and Palo Cortado may have up to 9 g/l sugar when acidity is within two units. Sweet wines from sun-dried grapes (hand-harvested, 25 kg boxes) are limited to 40 litres per 100 kg; the document does not say which sweet types this covers. Age indications: Pasado (Fino over 10 years), Viejo (15+), Viejísimo (25+); ageing may also take place in Córdoba city. From the national technical file (2014): the Superior subzone (albariza soils) is limited to 10,285 kg/ha and 72 hl/ha, recorded as the lower sub-area yield, against 13,714 kg/ha and 96 hl/ha elsewhere; young white wine must have at most 13.5% vol potential alcohol. That file gives unaged and aged white wine 13% vol minimum actual alcohol, against 10% recorded from the single document.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.