What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Trás-os-Montes in Portugal
- Latitude
- 41.1°–41.9° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 371 m to 791 m
- Production zone
- 354,492 ha
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Trás-os-Montes must meet.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
30 varieties · Trás-os-Montes espumante, Trás-os-Montes licoroso
Alicante Bouschet, Alvarinho, Arinto, Baga, Bastardo, Bical, Boal Branco, Carrega Branco, Castelão, Cornifesto, Côdega do Larinho, Fernão Pires, Gouveio, Malvasia Fina, Malvasia Preta, Marufo, Moscatel Galego Roxo, Rabigato, Rufete, Samarrinho, Síria, Tempranillo, Tinta Barocca, Tinta Carvalha, Tinto Cao, Touriga Franca, Touriga Nacional, Trincadeira, Vinhão, Viosinho
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
Training
Systems allowed
cordão bilateral; cordão unilateral; guyot; taça (gobelet)
Not allowed
Enrichment (chaptalisation)
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 17.2 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,552 growing degree days (Winkler II).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 591 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 17.2 °C
- Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,552
- Region II: 1,389–1,666 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 343 mm
- Of 720 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 144 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 595 m; Vineyard point 2, 572 m; Vineyard point 3, 588 m; Vineyard point 4, 462 m; Vineyard point 5, 738 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in moderately complex terrain; not yet checked against a weather station.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. NavarraVery similarCompared with Trás-os-Montes: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. HuşiVery similarCompared with Trás-os-Montes: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. IanaVery similarCompared with Trás-os-Montes: same season warmth, wetter (+67 mm).
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 144 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Product specification: Trás-os-Montes (Caderno de Especificações -DO T-M final.pdf) · National authority, as filed in the EU register (eAmbrosia) · Official document
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Vines must be low-trained (pruning height at most 1 m) and in their fourth year of production. The 55 hl/ha yield may be adjusted annually by up to 25 %. Enrichment 'not permitted' refers to the addition of concentrated must to still wines; the sparkling tirage liqueur may contain concentrated must or sucrose. Rosé is made by 'bica aberta' or brief skin contact. Sub-regions Chaves, Planalto Mirandês and Valpaços each have their own permitted variety lists. The specification also covers grape-marc and wine spirits (aguardente) with at least 40 % vol and 12 months in wood.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.