What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Montescudaio in Italy
- Latitude
- 43.2°–43.5° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 29 m to 275 m
- Production zone
- 38,412 ha
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Montescudaio must meet.
Blend rules
Montescudaio Rosso
- ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 50% other red grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
Blend rules
Montescudaio Cabernet Franc
- ≥ 85% Cabernet Franc · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
Blend rules
Montescudaio Cabernet Franc Riserva
- ≥ 85% Cabernet Franc · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Montescudaio Cabernet Sauvignon
- ≥ 85% Cabernet Sauvignon · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
Blend rules
Montescudaio Cabernet Sauvignon Riserva
- ≥ 85% Cabernet Sauvignon · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Montescudaio Merlot
- ≥ 85% Merlot · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
Blend rules
Montescudaio Merlot Riserva
- ≥ 85% Merlot · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Montescudaio Sangiovese
- ≥ 85% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
Blend rules
Montescudaio Sangiovese Riserva
- ≥ 85% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other red grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Montescudaio Bianco
- ≥ 50% Trebbiano Toscano · Main grape
- ≤ 50% other white grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
Blend rules
Montescudaio Chardonnay
- ≥ 85% Chardonnay · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
Blend rules
Montescudaio Sauvignon
- ≥ 85% Sauvignon Blanc · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
Blend rules
Montescudaio Vermentino
- ≥ 85% Vermentino · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
Blend rules
Montescudaio Vin Santo
- ≥ 50% Trebbiano Toscano · Main grape
- ≤ 50% other white grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Montescudaio Vin Santo Riserva
- ≥ 50% Trebbiano Toscano · Main grape
- ≤ 50% other white grapes suitable for Tuscany · Others allowed
; release from 1 November of the fourth year after the harvest.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
54 varieties · Montescudaio Rosso, Montescudaio Sangiovese, Montescudaio Sangiovese Riserva
Alicante, Alicante Bouschet, Ancellotta, Barbera, Barsaglina, Bonamico, Bracciola Nera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Calabrese, Caloria, Canaiolo Nero, Canina Nera, Carignan, Carmenere, Cesanese D Affile, Ciliegiolo, Colombana Nera, Colorino, Foglia Tonda, Gamay, Gralima, Grand Noir, Gratena, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di S. Stefano, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Malvasia, Malvasia Nera di Brindisi, Malvasia Nera di Lecce, Mammolo, Mazzese, Merlese, Merlot, Mondeuse, Montepulciano, Moscato D Amburgo, Mourvèdre, Nocchianello Nero, Pinot Noir, Pollera Nera, Prugnolo Gentile, Pugnitello, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Roussin, Sagrantino, Sanforte, Schiava Gentile, Syrah, Tempranillo, Teroldego, Vermentino Nero
54 varieties · Montescudaio Cabernet Franc, Montescudaio Cabernet Franc Riserva
Alicante, Alicante Bouschet, Ancellotta, Barbera, Barsaglina, Bonamico, Bracciola Nera, Cabernet Sauvignon, Calabrese, Caloria, Canaiolo Nero, Canina Nera, Carignan, Carmenere, Cesanese D Affile, Ciliegiolo, Colombana Nera, Colorino, Foglia Tonda, Gamay, Gralima, Grand Noir, Gratena, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di S. Stefano, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Malvasia, Malvasia Nera di Brindisi, Malvasia Nera di Lecce, Mammolo, Mazzese, Merlese, Merlot, Mondeuse, Montepulciano, Moscato D Amburgo, Mourvèdre, Nocchianello Nero, Pinot Noir, Pollera Nera, Prugnolo Gentile, Pugnitello, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Roussin, Sagrantino, Sanforte, Sangiovese, Schiava Gentile, Syrah, Tempranillo, Teroldego, Vermentino Nero
54 varieties · Montescudaio Cabernet Sauvignon, Montescudaio Cabernet Sauvignon Riserva
Alicante, Alicante Bouschet, Ancellotta, Barbera, Barsaglina, Bonamico, Bracciola Nera, Cabernet Franc, Calabrese, Caloria, Canaiolo Nero, Canina Nera, Carignan, Carmenere, Cesanese D Affile, Ciliegiolo, Colombana Nera, Colorino, Foglia Tonda, Gamay, Gralima, Grand Noir, Gratena, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di S. Stefano, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Malvasia, Malvasia Nera di Brindisi, Malvasia Nera di Lecce, Mammolo, Mazzese, Merlese, Merlot, Mondeuse, Montepulciano, Moscato D Amburgo, Mourvèdre, Nocchianello Nero, Pinot Noir, Pollera Nera, Prugnolo Gentile, Pugnitello, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Roussin, Sagrantino, Sanforte, Sangiovese, Schiava Gentile, Syrah, Tempranillo, Teroldego, Vermentino Nero
54 varieties · Montescudaio Merlot, Montescudaio Merlot Riserva
Alicante, Alicante Bouschet, Ancellotta, Barbera, Barsaglina, Bonamico, Bracciola Nera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Calabrese, Caloria, Canaiolo Nero, Canina Nera, Carignan, Carmenere, Cesanese D Affile, Ciliegiolo, Colombana Nera, Colorino, Foglia Tonda, Gamay, Gralima, Grand Noir, Gratena, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di S. Stefano, Lambrusco Maestri, Malbec, Malvasia, Malvasia Nera di Brindisi, Malvasia Nera di Lecce, Mammolo, Mazzese, Merlese, Mondeuse, Montepulciano, Moscato D Amburgo, Mourvèdre, Nocchianello Nero, Pinot Noir, Pollera Nera, Prugnolo Gentile, Pugnitello, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Roussin, Sagrantino, Sanforte, Sangiovese, Schiava Gentile, Syrah, Tempranillo, Teroldego, Vermentino Nero
34 varieties · Montescudaio Bianco, Montescudaio Vin Santo, Montescudaio Vin Santo Riserva
Albana, Albarola, Ansonica, Biancone, Canaiolo Bianco, Clairette, Durella, Fiano, Grechetto, Greco, Incrocio Bruni 54, Livornese Bianca, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Nocchianello Bianco, Orpicchio, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Roussanne, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Verdea, Verdello, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
35 varieties · Montescudaio Chardonnay
Albana, Albarola, Ansonica, Biancone, Canaiolo Bianco, Clairette, Durella, Fiano, Grechetto, Greco, Incrocio Bruni 54, Livornese Bianca, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Nocchianello Bianco, Orpicchio, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Roussanne, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdea, Verdello, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
34 varieties · Montescudaio Sauvignon
Albana, Albarola, Ansonica, Biancone, Canaiolo Bianco, Clairette, Durella, Fiano, Grechetto, Greco, Incrocio Bruni 54, Livornese Bianca, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Nocchianello Bianco, Orpicchio, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Roussanne, Semillon, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdea, Verdello, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
34 varieties · Montescudaio Vermentino
Albana, Albarola, Ansonica, Biancone, Canaiolo Bianco, Clairette, Durella, Fiano, Grechetto, Greco, Incrocio Bruni 54, Livornese Bianca, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Nocchianello Bianco, Orpicchio, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Roussanne, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdea, Verdello, Verdicchio Bianco, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
3,500
Vines per hectare, minimum
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Permitted
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
Allowed
Enrichment (chaptalisation)
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 19.3 °C, hot on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,998 growing degree days (Winkler IV).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 139 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 19.3 °C
- Hot · 19–21 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,998
- Region IV: 1,944–2,221 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 493 mm
- Of 916 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 226 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 275 m; Vineyard point 2, 204 m; Vineyard point 3, 104 m; Vineyard point 4, 35 m; Vineyard point 5, 75 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. Colli d'ImolaVery similarCompared with Montescudaio: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. SavutoVery similarCompared with Montescudaio: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. AmeliaVery similarCompared with Montescudaio: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 226 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Disciplinare di produzione: Montescudaio · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: The text does not define a separate Vin Santo Riserva (listed in the EU register); the Vin Santo rules are repeated for it. Vin Santo may be secco or amabile (sweetness null); grapes are dried to at least 250 g/l sugar and pressed between 20 November and 31 March. Bottling must take place in the zone, with neighbouring comuni allowed.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.