What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Garda Colli Mantovani in Italy
- Latitude
- 45.3°–45.4° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 66 m to 143 m
- Production zone
- 18,432 ha
Lies within
Garda
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Garda Colli Mantovani must meet.
Blend rules
Garda Colli Mantovani Bianco
- ≤ 40% Garganega · Allowed
- ≤ 60% Trebbiano (di Soave/Turbiana, giallo, toscano) / Chardonnay · Main grape
- ≤ 20% other grapes suitable for Lombardia (aromatic max 5%) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Garda Colli Mantovani Rosato
- ≥ 85% Cabernet (Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Carmenère) / Merlot / Rondinella · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes suitable for Lombardia · Others allowed
Blend rules
Garda Colli Mantovani Rosso
- ≥ 85% Cabernet (Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Carmenère) / Merlot / Rondinella · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes suitable for Lombardia · Others allowed
Blend rules
Garda Colli Mantovani bianco riserva
- ≤ 40% Garganega · Allowed
- ≤ 60% Trebbiano (di Soave/Turbiana, giallo, toscano) / Chardonnay · Main grape
- ≤ 20% other grapes suitable for Lombardia (aromatic max 5%) · Others allowed
At least 12 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Garda Colli Mantovani bianco vendemmia tardiva
- ≤ 40% Garganega · Allowed
- ≤ 60% Trebbiano (di Soave/Turbiana, giallo, toscano) / Chardonnay · Main grape
- ≤ 20% other grapes suitable for Lombardia (aromatic max 5%) · Others allowed
Blend rules
Garda Colli Mantovani bianco passito
- ≤ 40% Garganega · Allowed
- ≤ 60% Trebbiano (di Soave/Turbiana, giallo, toscano) / Chardonnay · Main grape
- ≤ 20% other grapes suitable for Lombardia (aromatic max 5%) · Others allowed
; release from 1 January of the second year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Garda Colli Mantovani rosso riserva
- ≥ 85% Cabernet (Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Carmenère) / Merlot / Rondinella · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes suitable for Lombardia · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Garda Colli Mantovani rosso superiore
- ≥ 85% Cabernet (Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Carmenère) / Merlot / Rondinella · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes suitable for Lombardia · Others allowed
; release from 1 January of the second year after the harvest.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
63 varieties · Garda Colli Mantovani Merlot
Ancellotta, Barbera, Bellagna, Bonarda, Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Cortis, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Corvina, Croatina, Dolcetto, Erbanno, Fortana, Franconia, Freisa, Grappello Ruberti, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Mocasina, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Incrocio Terzi N.1, Julius, Lagrein, Lambrusco Grasparossa, Lambrusco Maestri, Lambrusco Marani, Lambrusco Salamino, Lambrusco Viadanese, Lambrusco di Sorbara, Maiolina, Marzemino, Merera, Merlot Kanthus, Meunier, Molinara, Montepulciano, Moradella, Mornasca, Moscato di Scanzo, Nebbiolo, Negrara, Petit Verdot, Pignola, Pinot Noir, Prior, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Rondinella, Rossola Nera, Sangiovese, Schiava, Schiava Gentile, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Serbina, Syrah, Teroldego, Uva Rara, Vespolina
62 varieties · Garda Colli Mantovani Cabernet
Ancellotta, Barbera, Bellagna, Bonarda, Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Cortis, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Corvina, Croatina, Dolcetto, Erbanno, Fortana, Franconia, Freisa, Grappello Ruberti, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di Mocasina, Groppello di S. Stefano, Iasma Eco 1, Iasma Eco 2, Incrocio Terzi N.1, Julius, Lagrein, Lambrusco Grasparossa, Lambrusco Maestri, Lambrusco Marani, Lambrusco Salamino, Lambrusco Viadanese, Lambrusco di Sorbara, Maiolina, Marzemino, Merera, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Meunier, Molinara, Montepulciano, Moradella, Mornasca, Moscato di Scanzo, Nebbiolo, Negrara, Petit Verdot, Pignola, Pinot Noir, Prior, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Rondinella, Rossola Nera, Sangiovese, Schiava, Schiava Gentile, Schiava Grigia, Schiava Grossa, Serbina, Syrah, Teroldego, Uva Rara, Vespolina
39 varieties · Garda Colli Mantovani Chardonnay, Garda Colli Mantovani Pinot Grigio
Bronner, Bussanello, Cortese, Erbaluce, Erbamat, Fleurtai, Friulano, Garganega, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Invernenga, Johanniter, Kerner, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Muller Thurgau, Muscaris, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Solaris, Soreli, Souvignier Gris, Timorasso, Trebbiano Giallo, Trebbiano Romagnolo, Trebbiano Toscano, Trebbiano di Soave, Veltliner, Verdea, Verdese, Welschriesling
38 varieties · Garda Colli Mantovani Pinot Bianco
Bronner, Bussanello, Cortese, Erbaluce, Erbamat, Fleurtai, Friulano, Garganega, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Invernenga, Johanniter, Kerner, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Muller Thurgau, Muscaris, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Solaris, Soreli, Souvignier Gris, Timorasso, Trebbiano Giallo, Trebbiano Romagnolo, Trebbiano Toscano, Trebbiano di Soave, Veltliner, Verdea, Verdese, Welschriesling
38 varieties · Garda Colli Mantovani Sauvignon
Bronner, Bussanello, Cortese, Erbaluce, Erbamat, Fleurtai, Friulano, Garganega, Helios, Iasma Eco 3, Iasma Eco 4, Invernenga, Johanniter, Kerner, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Moscato Giallo, Muller Thurgau, Muscaris, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Solaris, Soreli, Souvignier Gris, Timorasso, Trebbiano Giallo, Trebbiano Romagnolo, Trebbiano Toscano, Trebbiano di Soave, Veltliner, Verdea, Verdese, Welschriesling
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
4,000
Vines per hectare, minimum
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Emergency only
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
Allowed
Enrichment (chaptalisation)
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 19.0 °C, hot on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,934 growing degree days (Winkler III).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 104 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 19.0 °C
- Hot · 19–21 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,934
- Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 628 mm
- Of 976 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 207 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 119 m; Vineyard point 2, 110 m; Vineyard point 3, 54 m; Vineyard point 4, 66 m; Vineyard point 5, 169 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. Dalmatinska zagoraVery similarCompared with Garda Colli Mantovani: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. ArcoleVery similarCompared with Garda Colli Mantovani: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. Colli Euganei Fior d'ArancioVery similarCompared with Garda Colli Mantovani: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 207 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Disciplinare di produzione: Garda Colli Mantovani · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: The current specification no longer governs the varietal wines (Cabernet, Chardonnay, Merlot, Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon) still in the register, so they are left empty; the register's Rosato is the Chiaretto. The yield-table row for rosso, rosso riserva and Chiaretto gives only the natural alcohol figure (11), not the grape yield; vinification is also allowed in the neighbouring provinces of Mantova, Brescia and Verona, and enrichment is not allowed for vendemmia tardiva and passito.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.