What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Freisa d'Asti in Italy
- Latitude
- 44.8°–45.0° N
- Production zone
- 5,283 ha
Lies within
Piemonte
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Freisa d'Asti must meet.
Blend rules
Freisa d’Asti
- ≥ 90% Freisa · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised in Piemonte · Others allowed
Blend rules
Freisa d’Asti Superiore
- ≥ 90% Freisa · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised in Piemonte · Others allowed
; release from 1 November of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Freisa d’Asti Spumante
- ≥ 90% Freisa · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised in Piemonte · Others allowed
Blend rules
Freisa d’Asti Frizzante
- ≥ 90% Freisa · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised in Piemonte · Others allowed
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
3,500
Vines per hectare, minimum
Training
Systems allowed
controspalliera (Guyot tradizionale)
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Prohibited
Irrigation
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 18.4 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,787 growing degree days (Winkler III).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 251 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 18.4 °C
- Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,787
- Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 560 mm
- Of 931 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 180 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 1 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 251 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Lower confidence:No vineyards are mapped here yet, so this is the climate at one point in the middle of the zone, which may not be where the vines are. Monthly reanalysis in complex terrain (height corrections up to 0.2 °C); absolute values may be several degrees out, year-to-year changes are more reliable.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. GalluccioVery similarCompared with Freisa d'Asti: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Fiano di AvellinoVery similarCompared with Freisa d'Asti: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. San GimignanoVery similarCompared with Freisa d'Asti: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 180 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- Disciplinare di produzione: Freisa d'Asti · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Freisa d'Asti and the frizzante range from dry to amabile (dry with 'vigna'); the spumante from extra brut to dolce, so sweetness is left null. Spumante and frizzante may be made by tank or bottle fermentation. With 'vigna' total alcohol is 12% (12.5% for superiore).
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.