What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Controguerra in Italy
- Latitude
- 42.8°–42.9° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 160 m to 239 m
- Production zone
- 9,042 ha
Lies within
Montepulciano d'Abruzzo Colline Teramane, Cerasuolo d'Abruzzo, Trebbiano d'Abruzzo, Montepulciano d’Abruzzo, Abruzzo
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Controguerra must meet.
Blend rules
Controguerra Bianco
- ≥ 50% Trebbiano toscano / Trebbiano abruzzese · Main grape
- ≥ 10% Passerina · Allowed
- ≤ 40% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
; release from 1 January of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Controguerra Passito Bianco
- ≥ 60% Trebbiano toscano / Trebbiano abruzzese / Malvasia / Passerina · Main grape
- ≤ 40% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
; release from 1 December of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Controguerra Passerina
- ≥ 85% Passerina · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
Blend rules
Controguerra Chardonnay
- ≥ 85% Chardonnay · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
Blend rules
Controguerra Pecorino
- ≥ 85% Pecorino · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
Blend rules
Controguerra Rosso Novello
- ≥ 70% Montepulciano nero · Main grape
- ≤ 30% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
Blend rules
Controguerra Rosso
- ≥ 70% Montepulciano nero · Main grape
- ≤ 30% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
; release from 31 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Controguerra Rosso Riserva
- ≥ 70% Montepulciano nero · Main grape
- ≤ 30% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Controguerra Rosato
- ≥ 70% Montepulciano nero · Main grape
- ≤ 30% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
; release from 1 January of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Controguerra Passito Rosso
- ≥ 70% Montepulciano nero · Main grape
- ≤ 30% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
; release from 1 December of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Controguerra Merlot
- ≥ 85% Merlot · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
Blend rules
Controguerra Cabernet
- ≥ 85% Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
Blend rules
Controguerra Spumante Metodo Classico
- ≥ 60% Trebbiano toscano / Trebbiano abruzzese · Main grape
- ≥ 30% Chardonnay / Verdicchio / Pecorino · Allowed
- ≤ 10% other varieties authorised in Abruzzo · Others allowed
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
34 varieties · Controguerra Bianco
Barbera Bianca, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Cococciola, Falanghina, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Grechetto, Greco, Incrocio Bianco Fedit 51 C.S.G., Kerner, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia del Lazio, Manzoni Bianco, Montonico Bianco, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Pecorino, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Regina, Regina dei Vigneti, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Sylvaner, Veltliner, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Viognier, Welschriesling
33 varieties · Controguerra Spumante Metodo Classico (white), Controguerra Spumante Metodo Classico (white), Controguerra Spumante Metodo Classico
Barbera Bianca, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Cococciola, Falanghina, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Grechetto, Greco, Incrocio Bianco Fedit 51 C.S.G., Kerner, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia del Lazio, Manzoni Bianco, Montonico Bianco, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Passerina, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Regina, Regina dei Vigneti, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Sylvaner, Veltliner, Vermentino, Viognier, Welschriesling
31 varieties · Controguerra Passito Bianco
Barbera Bianca, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Cococciola, Falanghina, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Grechetto, Greco, Incrocio Bianco Fedit 51 C.S.G., Kerner, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Manzoni Bianco, Montonico Bianco, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Pecorino, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Regina, Regina dei Vigneti, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Sylvaner, Veltliner, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Viognier, Welschriesling
36 varieties · Controguerra Passerina
Barbera Bianca, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Cococciola, Falanghina, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Grechetto, Greco, Incrocio Bianco Fedit 51 C.S.G., Kerner, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia del Lazio, Manzoni Bianco, Montonico Bianco, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Pecorino, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Regina, Regina dei Vigneti, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Abruzzese, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Viognier, Welschriesling
37 varieties · Controguerra Chardonnay
Barbera Bianca, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Cococciola, Falanghina, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Grechetto, Greco, Incrocio Bianco Fedit 51 C.S.G., Kerner, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia del Lazio, Manzoni Bianco, Montonico Bianco, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Passerina, Pecorino, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Regina, Regina dei Vigneti, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Abruzzese, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Viognier, Welschriesling
36 varieties · Controguerra Pecorino
Barbera Bianca, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Cococciola, Falanghina, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Grechetto, Greco, Incrocio Bianco Fedit 51 C.S.G., Kerner, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia del Lazio, Manzoni Bianco, Montonico Bianco, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Passerina, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Regina, Regina dei Vigneti, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Abruzzese, Trebbiano Toscano, Veltliner, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Viognier, Welschriesling
23 varieties · 5 wines
Aglianico, Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Calabrese, Canaiolo Nero, Ciliegiolo, Dolcetto, Gaglioppo, Grenache, Maiolica, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot, Nebbiolo, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Primitivo, Refosco Nostrano, Sangiovese, Syrah, Tannat, Terrano
23 varieties · Controguerra Merlot
Aglianico, Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Calabrese, Canaiolo Nero, Ciliegiolo, Dolcetto, Gaglioppo, Grenache, Maiolica, Malbec, Marzemino, Montepulciano, Nebbiolo, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Primitivo, Refosco Nostrano, Sangiovese, Syrah, Tannat, Terrano
22 varieties · Controguerra Cabernet
Aglianico, Barbera, Calabrese, Canaiolo Nero, Ciliegiolo, Dolcetto, Gaglioppo, Grenache, Maiolica, Malbec, Marzemino, Merlot, Montepulciano, Nebbiolo, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Primitivo, Refosco Nostrano, Sangiovese, Syrah, Tannat, Terrano
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
3,000
Vines per hectare, minimum
440 m
Highest vineyard allowed
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Permitted
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 19.1 °C, hot on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,940 growing degree days (Winkler III).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 164 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 19.1 °C
- Hot · 19–21 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,940
- Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 430 mm
- Of 785 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 141 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 229 m; Vineyard point 2, 168 m; Vineyard point 3, 84 m; Vineyard point 4, 210 m; Vineyard point 5, 130 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. SegarceaVery similarCompared with Controguerra: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Picpoul de PinetVery similarCompared with Controguerra: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. AbruzzoVery similarCompared with Controguerra: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 141 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Disciplinare di produzione: Controguerra · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Passito grapes are dried to at least 24% sugar and pressed between 15 November and 31 March; 30 months in casks of up to 500 litres allows the term 'Annoso'. Passito Bianco ranges 'da secco ad amabile' and Spumante 'da brut natur a dry', so sweetness is null; vintage Spumante needs 24 months on lees. New plantings exclude the pergola abruzzese, and no enrichment is allowed with 'vigna'.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.