What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Castel San Lorenzo in Italy
- Latitude
- 40.3°–40.6° N
- Production zone
- 30,218 ha
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Castel San Lorenzo must meet.
Blend rules
Castel San Lorenzo Moscato Spumante
- ≥ 85% Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for the province of Salerno · Others allowed
Blend rules
Castel San Lorenzo Moscato
- ≥ 85% Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for the province of Salerno · Others allowed
Blend rules
Castel San Lorenzo Moscato Passito
- ≥ 85% Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other white grapes suitable for the province of Salerno · Others allowed
Blend rules
Castel San Lorenzo Bianco
- 50–60% Trebbiano Toscano · Main grape
- 30–40% Malvasia Bianca · Main grape
- ≤ 20% other white grapes suitable for the province of Salerno · Others allowed
Blend rules
Castel San Lorenzo Rosso
- 60–80% Barbera · Main grape
- 20–30% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 20% other black grapes suitable for the province of Salerno · Others allowed
Blend rules
Castel San Lorenzo Rosato
- 60–80% Barbera · Main grape
- 20–30% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 20% other black grapes suitable for the province of Salerno · Others allowed
Blend rules
Castel San Lorenzo Aglianicone
- ≥ 85% Aglianicone · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes suitable for the province of Salerno · Others allowed
; release from 1 April of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Castel San Lorenzo Barbera
- ≥ 85% Barbera · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes suitable for the province of Salerno · Others allowed
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
16 varieties · Castel San Lorenzo Moscato Spumante, Castel San Lorenzo Moscato, Castel San Lorenzo Moscato Passito
Asprinio Bianco, Biancolella, Bombino Bianco, Coda di Volpe Bianca, Falanghina, Fenile, Fiano, Forastera, Ginestra, Greco, Malvasia Bianca, Montonico Bianco, Pepella, Ripolo, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdeca
15 varieties · Castel San Lorenzo Bianco
Asprinio Bianco, Biancolella, Bombino Bianco, Coda di Volpe Bianca, Falanghina, Fenile, Fiano, Forastera, Ginestra, Greco, Montonico Bianco, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Pepella, Ripolo, Verdeca
14 varieties · Castel San Lorenzo Rosso, Castel San Lorenzo Rosato
Aglianico, Aglianicone, Ancellotta, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cesanese Comune, Malvasia, Merlot, Montepulciano, Piedirosso, Pinot Noir, Primitivo, Sciascinoso, Tintore, Tronto
15 varieties · Castel San Lorenzo Aglianicone
Aglianico, Ancellotta, Barbera, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cesanese Comune, Malvasia, Merlot, Montepulciano, Piedirosso, Pinot Noir, Primitivo, Sangiovese, Sciascinoso, Tintore, Tronto
15 varieties · Castel San Lorenzo Barbera
Aglianico, Aglianicone, Ancellotta, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cesanese Comune, Malvasia, Merlot, Montepulciano, Piedirosso, Pinot Noir, Primitivo, Sangiovese, Sciascinoso, Tintore, Tronto
47 varieties · Castel San Lorenzo Moscato Lambiccato
Aglianico, Albaranzeuli Nero, Alicante, Alicante Bouschet, Ancellotta, Barbera, Barbera Sarda, Bombino Nero, Bovale, Bovale Grande, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Caddiu, Cagnulari, Calabrese, Canaiolo Nero, Caricagiola, Croatina, Dolcetto, Fiudedda, Gaglioppo, Giro', Gregu Nieddu, Grenache, Malbec, Malvasia, Marzemino, Medrulinu, Merlot, Monica, Montepulciano, Nebbiolo, Nera del Ponte, Niedda Carta, Nieddera, Nieddu Mannu, Nigheddu Polchinu, Pascale, Pinot Noir, Primitivo, Procu Nieddu, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Saluda e Passa, Sangiovese, Syrah, Teroldego, Tocai Rosso
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 18.9 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,900 growing degree days (Winkler III).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 382 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 18.9 °C
- Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,900
- Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 558 mm
- Of 1,283 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 239 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 4 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 330 m; Vineyard point 2, 286 m; Vineyard point 3, 604 m; Vineyard point 4, 309 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in complex terrain (height corrections up to 2.7 °C); absolute values may be several degrees out, year-to-year changes are more reliable.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. Srednja i Južna DalmacijaVery similarCompared with Castel San Lorenzo: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Colli BolognesiVery similarCompared with Castel San Lorenzo: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. Alto Adige · 220–300 mVery similarCompared with Castel San Lorenzo: same season warmth, similar rain, warmer ripening nights.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 239 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- Disciplinare di produzione: Castel San Lorenzo · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Moscato Lambiccato has no grape composition or release characteristics in the text (only its natural alcohol), and the 10 t/ha moscato yield is assumed to cover it. The text also gives natural alcohol minima for a Barbera riserva (11.5%) and an Aglianicone riserva (12%) that are not otherwise defined. Moscato passito ranges from dry to sweet, grapes may be dried until 31 January and enrichment by concentration is excluded; the spumante method is not specified.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.