What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Ribera del Duero in Spain
- Latitude
- 41.4°–41.9° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 755 m to 897 m
- Production zone
- 295,603 ha
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Ribera del Duero must meet.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
6 varieties ·
Albillo Mayor, Cabernet Sauvignon, Grenache, Malbec, Merlot, Tempranillo
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
2,000
Vines per hectare, minimum
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 16.9 °C, intermediate on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,499 growing degree days (Winkler II).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 807 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 16.9 °C
- Intermediate · 15–17 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,499
- Region II: 1,389–1,666 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 277 mm
- Of 530 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 89 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 780 m; Vineyard point 2, 731 m; Vineyard point 3, 796 m; Vineyard point 4, 877 m; Vineyard point 5, 851 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. Valles de BenaventeVery similarCompared with Ribera del Duero: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Pago de ArínzanoVery similarCompared with Ribera del Duero: same season warmth, wetter (+47 mm).
3. Dehesa PeñalbaVery similarCompared with Ribera del Duero: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 89 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Single document: Ribera del Duero (Official Journal C 268, 31.7.2023; and the technical file 'Ares(2014)4206744' from the EU register) · European Union, Official Journal (C series) · EU law (Commission reuse policy)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Section 4 groups 'Reserva', 'Gran Reserva' and other red wines more than 2 years old under one set of limits; the remaining Reserva/Gran Reserva ageing is in bottle. The Crianza red minimum total acidity is printed as '4 in milliequivalents per litre' and is left null. Minimum grape ripeness is given in degrees Brix/Baumé (11 °Bé red, 10.5 °Bé white; the Brix figures look misprinted). Crianza, Reserva and Gran Reserva use oak barrels of at most 330 litres, Roble/Barrica at most 600 litres; vineyards must be in at least their third growth cycle; bottling must take place in the production area; smaller geographical units need 85 % of grapes from that place. The older national technical file (2014) gives the red minimum acidity as 4 g/l tartaric (used for Crianza), a grape-to-wine yield of 70 litres per 100 kg and 49 hl/ha, against 72 % and 50.4 hl/ha in the single document; the single-document values are kept. It states a minimum natural grape strength of '11º' without unit.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.