What is made here
Wine colours
The only colour the rules allow.
Where it is
Jerez-Xérès-Sherry in Spain
- Latitude
- 36.3°–37.1° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 25 m to 101 m
- Production zone
- 248,263 ha
Covers the same area as
Manzanilla-Sanlúcar de Barrameda
Contains 1 appellation (outlined on the zone map)
Lebrija
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Jerez-Xérès-Sherry must meet.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
5 varieties · 15 wines
Moscatel de Alejandria, Moscatel de Grano Menudo, Palomino, Palomino Fino, Pedro Ximénez
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
Permitted
Irrigation
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 22.0 °C, very hot on Gregory Jones's scale, with 2,567 growing degree days (Winkler V).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 40 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 22.0 °C
- Very hot · above 21 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 2,567
- Region V: 2,222 and over degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 209 mm
- Of 554 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 108 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 45 m; Vineyard point 2, 6 m; Vineyard point 3, 6 m; Vineyard point 4, 101 m; Vineyard point 5, 44 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. NotoVery similarCompared with Jerez-Xérès-Sherry: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. EloroVery similarCompared with Jerez-Xérès-Sherry: same season warmth, drier (−22 mm).
3. EriceVery similarCompared with Jerez-Xérès-Sherry: same season warmth, wetter (+38 mm).
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 108 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Single document: Jerez-Xérès-Sherry (Official Journal C, C/2026/4549, 26.8.2026; and the technical file 'Ares(2014)2135089' from the EU register) · European Union, Official Journal (C series) · EU law (Commission reuse policy)
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: All types have a maximum actual strength of 17 % (Fino) or 22 %; sugar bands are glucose + fructose, and upper limits for Pale Dry, Pale Cream and Medium are 'less than' the figure. The two-year minimum is an average age in oak barrels of at most 1,000 litres. Qualified-age generosos (over 12 years) may reach 35 meq/l volatile acidity and 9 g/l sugar. Section 8 lists the varieties without shares. The register lists the alternative names Jerez, Xérès and Sherry. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry wine (vino generoso) Fino: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry wine (vino generoso) Amontillado: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry wine (vino generoso) Oloroso: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry wine (vino generoso) Palo Cortado: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry liqueur wine (vino generoso) Fino: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry liqueur wine (vino generoso) Amontillado: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry liqueur wine (vino generoso) Oloroso: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry liqueur wine (vino generoso) Palo Cortado: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry liqueur wine vino generoso de licor Pale Dry: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry liqueur wine vino generoso de licor Pale Cream: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry liqueur wine vino generoso de licor Medium: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry liqueur wine vino generoso de licor Cream: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry liqueur wine natural sweet wine Pedro Ximénez: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry liqueur wine natural sweet wine Moscatel: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry liqueur wine natural sweet wine ‘Dulce’: the document sets an average age (All wines must have a minimum average age of two years in order to be eligible f), not a minimum ageing period, so none is recorded. The older national technical file (2014) gives a general 15% vol minimum actual alcohol and a 5 g/l sugar ceiling for vinos generosos, which differ from some single-document figures recorded here; it also caps sales at 40% of each ageing type's stock per season.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.