What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Bizkaiko Txakolina in Spain
- Latitude
- 43.0°–43.5° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 26 m to 273 m
- Production zone
- 221,252 ha
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Bizkaiko Txakolina must meet.
Blend rules
Bizkaiko Txakolina / Chacolí de Bizkaia / Txakoli de Bizkaia rosé
- ≥ 50% red varieties · Main grape
- – Varieties listed in the specification · Others allowed
Blend rules
Bizkaiko Txakolina / Chacolí de Bizkaia / Txakoli de Bizkaia rosé Berezia
- ≥ 50% red varieties · Main grape
- – Varieties listed in the specification · Others allowed
At least 5 months' ageing.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
9 varieties ·
Chardonnay, Folle Blanche, Gros Manseng, Hondarrabi Beltza, Hondarrabi Zuri, Petit Courbu, Petit Manseng, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
400 m
Highest vineyard allowed
Permitted
Irrigation
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 16.5 °C, intermediate on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,386 growing degree days (Winkler Ib).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 222 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 16.5 °C
- Intermediate · 15–17 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,386
- Region Ib: 1,111–1,388 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 603 mm
- Of 1,164 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 179 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 44 m; Vineyard point 2, 256 m; Vineyard point 3, 306 m; Vineyard point 4, 152 m; Vineyard point 5, 353 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in complex terrain (height corrections up to 2.4 °C); absolute values may be several degrees out, year-to-year changes are more reliable.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. PrekmurjeVery similarCompared with Bizkaiko Txakolina: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. RibeiroVery similarCompared with Bizkaiko Txakolina: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. Clairette de DieVery similarCompared with Bizkaiko Txakolina: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 179 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Single document: Bizkaiko Txakolina (Official Journal C, C/2025/6563, 8.12.2025; and the technical file 'Ares(2014)2102351' from the EU register) · European Union, Official Journal (C series) · EU law (Commission reuse policy)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Varieties (11): Cabernet Franc, Chardonnay, Folle Blanche, Gros Manseng, Hondarrabi Beltza, Hondarrabi Zuri, Petit Courbu, Petit Manseng, Pinot Noir, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc; the vineyard area of 'authorised' varieties (other than Pinot Noir and Cabernet Franc) is limited, but no figure is given. The Berezia acidity minimums have no unit stated in the document (recorded as g/l, matching the young wines). 'Aparta' Berezia is a skin-contact (amber/orange) wine; rosé and Aparta yields follow the grape-variety limits. Oak chips are prohibited; varietal wines need at least 85 % of recommended varieties. The older national technical file (2014) limits vineyards to 400 m altitude and prohibits irrigation except by Regulatory Board authorisation in drought; its analytical limits (e.g. 10 % vol, 6 g/l acidity for white) and single 13,000 kg/ha yield differ from the current single document, whose values are kept.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.