What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Valdinievole in Italy
- Latitude
- 43.8°–44.0° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 25 m to 188 m
- Production zone
- 30,910 ha
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Valdinievole must meet.
Blend rules
Valdinievole Bianco
- ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano · Main grape
- ≤ 30% other white grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed
Blend rules
Valdinievole Bianco Superiore
- ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano · Main grape
- ≤ 30% other white grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed
; release from 1 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Valdinievole Rosso
- ≥ 35% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≥ 20% Canaiolo Nero · Main grape
- ≥ 70% Sangiovese / Canaiolo nero · Main grape
- ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed
Blend rules
Valdinievole Rosso Superiore
- ≥ 35% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≥ 20% Canaiolo Nero · Main grape
- ≥ 70% Sangiovese / Canaiolo nero · Main grape
- ≤ 30% other grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed
; release from 1 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Valdinievole Sangiovese
- ≥ 85% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other grapes suitable in Toscana (white max 5%) · Others allowed
; release from 1 March of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Valdinievole Vinsanto
- ≥ 70% Trebbiano Toscano · Main grape
- ≤ 30% other white grapes suitable in Toscana · Others allowed
; release from 1 December of the third year after the harvest.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
34 varieties · Valdinievole Bianco, Valdinievole Bianco Superiore, Valdinievole Vinsanto
Albana, Albarola, Ansonica, Biancone, Canaiolo Bianco, Clairette, Durella, Fiano, Grechetto, Greco, Incrocio Bruni 54, Livornese Bianca, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Nocchianello Bianco, Orpicchio, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Roussanne, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Verdea, Verdello, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
88 varieties · Valdinievole Rosso, Valdinievole Rosso Superiore
Albana, Albarola, Alicante, Alicante Bouschet, Ancellotta, Ansonica, Barbera, Barsaglina, Biancone, Bonamico, Bracciola Nera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Calabrese, Caloria, Canaiolo Bianco, Canina Nera, Carignan, Carmenere, Cesanese D Affile, Ciliegiolo, Clairette, Colombana Nera, Colorino, Durella, Fiano, Foglia Tonda, Gamay, Gralima, Grand Noir, Gratena, Grechetto, Greco, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di S. Stefano, Incrocio Bruni 54, Lambrusco Maestri, Livornese Bianca, Malbec, Malvasia, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia Nera di Brindisi, Malvasia Nera di Lecce, Mammolo, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Mazzese, Merlese, Merlot, Mondeuse, Montepulciano, Moscato D Amburgo, Mourvèdre, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Nocchianello Bianco, Nocchianello Nero, Orpicchio, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Pollera Nera, Prugnolo Gentile, Pugnitello, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Riesling, Roussanne, Roussin, Sagrantino, Sanforte, Sauvignon Blanc, Schiava Gentile, Semillon, Syrah, Tempranillo, Teroldego, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdea, Verdello, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Vermentino Nero, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
89 varieties · Valdinievole Sangiovese
Albana, Albarola, Alicante, Alicante Bouschet, Ancellotta, Ansonica, Barbera, Barsaglina, Biancone, Bonamico, Bracciola Nera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Calabrese, Caloria, Canaiolo Bianco, Canaiolo Nero, Canina Nera, Carignan, Carmenere, Cesanese D Affile, Ciliegiolo, Clairette, Colombana Nera, Colorino, Durella, Fiano, Foglia Tonda, Gamay, Gralima, Grand Noir, Gratena, Grechetto, Greco, Groppello Gentile, Groppello di S. Stefano, Incrocio Bruni 54, Lambrusco Maestri, Livornese Bianca, Malbec, Malvasia, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia Nera di Brindisi, Malvasia Nera di Lecce, Mammolo, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Mazzese, Merlese, Merlot, Mondeuse, Montepulciano, Moscato D Amburgo, Mourvèdre, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Nocchianello Bianco, Nocchianello Nero, Orpicchio, Petit Manseng, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Pollera Nera, Prugnolo Gentile, Pugnitello, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Riesling, Roussanne, Roussin, Sagrantino, Sanforte, Sauvignon Blanc, Schiava Gentile, Semillon, Syrah, Tempranillo, Teroldego, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdea, Verdello, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Vermentino Nero, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
3,300
Vines per hectare, minimum
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Emergency only
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 18.6 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,848 growing degree days (Winkler III).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 89 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 18.6 °C
- Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,848
- Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 570 mm
- Of 1,097 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 244 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 47 m; Vineyard point 2, 96 m; Vineyard point 3, 231 m; Vineyard point 4, 56 m; Vineyard point 5, 16 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. Oltrepò Pavese metodo classicoVery similarCompared with Valdinievole: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Terre AlfieriVery similarCompared with Valdinievole: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. Saint-ChinianVery similarCompared with Valdinievole: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 244 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Disciplinare di produzione: Valdinievole (version published by MASAF up to May 2023, via the Internet Archive; later amendments not yet included) · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: In the Rosso, white grapes may not exceed 10% (the Rosso superiore text omits this cap). Vinsanto grapes are dried to at least 28% sugar, its 40.25 hl/ha refers to wine in its third year, and it may range from secco to dolce (sweetness null). Governo all'uso toscano is allowed for the red types; vinification is also allowed in listed neighbouring communes.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.