Vinous

DOC · Appellation profile

Todi

38,844 haProduction zone
10Wines in the rules
18.8 °CGrowing season · warm
IIIWinkler region

What is made here

Wine colours

Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.

Where it is

Todi in Italy

Latitude
42.7°–43.0° N
Vineyard altitude
157 m to 388 m
Production zone
38,844 ha

Lies within
Colli Martani

Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.

Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.

Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.

01 · What the law says

The rules

Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Todi must meet.

10 wines in the rules, all colours.
WineMain grape(s)Max yield
t/ha		Wine from grapes
max. %		Grape ripeness
min. % pot. alc.		Wine
min. % alc.		Actual alc.
min. %		Acidity
min. g/l		Dry extract
min. g/l		Ageing
min. months
Todi Bianco 50% Grechetto12701111.5–4.516–
Todi Rosso, Anche Nel Tipo Superiore 50% Sangiovese127011.512–4.520–
Todi Grechetto 85% Grechetto107011.512–4.516–
Todi Grechetto Superiore 85% Grechetto9701212.5–4.5185
Todi Sangiovese 85% Sangiovese107011.512–4.52012
Todi Sangiovese Superiore 85% Sangiovese9701212.5–4.523–
Todi Merlot 85% Merlot107011.512–4.52012
Todi Merlot Superiore 85% Merlot9701212.5–4.523–
Todi Grechetto Passito 85% Grechetto10401616124.52010
Todi Rosso Superiore 50% Sangiovese10.8701212.5–4.52312

From the official production rules (disciplinare di produzione). Hover a figure to see the clause it comes from. A dash means the rules set no figure, or it is not captured yet.

Blend rules

Todi Bianco

  • ≥ 50% Grechetto · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other white varieties authorised in Umbria · Others allowed

Blend rules

Todi Rosso, Anche Nel Tipo Superiore

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other black varieties authorised in Umbria · Others allowed

Blend rules

Todi Grechetto

  • ≥ 85% Grechetto · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised in Umbria · Others allowed

Blend rules

Todi Grechetto Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Grechetto · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised in Umbria · Others allowed

At least 5 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Todi Sangiovese

  • ≥ 85% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other red varieties authorised in Umbria · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Todi Sangiovese Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other red varieties authorised in Umbria · Others allowed

Blend rules

Todi Merlot

  • ≥ 85% Merlot · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other red varieties authorised in Umbria · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Todi Merlot Superiore

  • ≥ 85% Merlot · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other red varieties authorised in Umbria · Others allowed

Blend rules

Todi Grechetto Passito

  • ≥ 85% Grechetto · Main grape
  • ≤ 15% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised in Umbria · Others allowed

At least 10 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Todi Rosso Superiore

  • ≥ 50% Sangiovese · Main grape
  • ≤ 50% other black varieties authorised in Umbria · Others allowed

At least 12 months' ageing.

Other varieties allowed

Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.

37 varieties · 4 wines

Albana, Bellone, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Canaiolo Bianco, Falanghina, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Greco, Greco Bianco, Incrocio Bruni 54, Maceratino, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia del Lazio, Manzoni Bianco, Montonico Bianco, Mostosa, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Passerina, Pecorino, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Sylvaner, Trebbiano Giallo, Trebbiano Spoletino, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdello, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Vernaccia di S. Giminiano, Viognier, Welschriesling

38 varieties · 4 wines

Aglianico, Alicante, Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Calabrese, Canaiolo Nero, Carignan, Cesanese Comune, Cesanese D Affile, Ciliegiolo, Colorino, Dolcetto, Foglia Tonda, Gaglioppo, Gamay, Grechetto Rosso, Grero, Lacrima, Maiolica, Malbec, Malvasia, Mammolo, Marselan, Merlot, Montepulciano, Nebbiolo, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Primitivo, Prugnolo Gentile, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sagrantino, Syrah, Tannat, Teroldego, Vernaccia Nera

38 varieties · Todi Merlot, Todi Merlot Superiore

Aglianico, Alicante, Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Calabrese, Canaiolo Nero, Carignan, Cesanese Comune, Cesanese D Affile, Ciliegiolo, Colorino, Dolcetto, Foglia Tonda, Gaglioppo, Gamay, Grechetto Rosso, Grero, Lacrima, Maiolica, Malbec, Malvasia, Mammolo, Marselan, Montepulciano, Nebbiolo, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Primitivo, Prugnolo Gentile, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sagrantino, Sangiovese, Syrah, Tannat, Teroldego, Vernaccia Nera

In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine

3,300
Vines per hectare, minimum
150–600 m
Vineyard altitude allowed
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Permitted
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
Allowed
Enrichment (chaptalisation)

02 · Climate fingerprint

The climate

The growing season averages 18.8 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,894 growing degree days (Winkler III).

The average year  1991–2020, vineyards at about 261 m

Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
5.1° 59 Jan 5.7° 70 Feb 8.7° 77 Mar 12.0° 80 Apr 16.4° 70 May 21.0° 50 Jun 24.1° 33 Jul 24.2° 41 Aug 19.2° 86 Sep 14.8° 100 Oct 10.0° 112 Nov 6.0° 84 Dec
Growing-season temperature
18.8 °C
Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
Growing degree days
1,894
Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
Growing-season rain
460 mm
Of 861 mm a year
Harvest rain
186 mm
September–October

Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 178 m; Vineyard point 2, 286 m; Vineyard point 3, 347 m; Vineyard point 4, 163 m; Vineyard point 5, 330 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.

Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in moderately complex terrain; not yet checked against a weather station.

Closest climates in the database

Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.

1. Bianchello del MetauroVery similarCompared with Todi: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Côtes du Rhône VillagesVery similarCompared with Todi: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. Sant'AntimoVery similarCompared with Todi: same season warmth, similar rain.

Growing-season temperature

Todi
18.8 °C
Bianchello del Metauro
18.8 °C
Côtes du Rhône Villages
18.8 °C
Sant'Antimo
18.8 °C

Growing degree days

Todi
1,894
Bianchello del Metauro
1,888
Côtes du Rhône Villages
1,889
Sant'Antimo
1,878

Growing-season rain

Todi
460 mm
Bianchello del Metauro
459 mm
Côtes du Rhône Villages
464 mm
Sant'Antimo
459 mm

03 · Year by year

35 vintages

Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.

Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 186 mm
2025
Growing-season temp.
Growing degree days
Harvest rain
Growing-season rain
September nights
Hot days and frosts

Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.

04 · Where the numbers come from

Sources

  1. A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
  2. Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
  3. ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
  4. OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
  5. Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
  6. Disciplinare di produzione: Todi (version published by MASAF up to May 2023, via the Internet Archive; later amendments not yet included) · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
  7. Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
  8. Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
  • Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
  • From the specification: Sangiovese Superiore and Merlot Superiore need 12 months' ageing from 1 November plus a further 6 months' maturation (18 months in all, not stated as a single figure). Bianco and Grechetto are 'dal secco all'abboccato' and the Passito 'dall'amabile al dolce', so sweetness is left null; enrichment is not allowed for the Passito, and individual authorisations allow winemaking in neighbouring communes.
  • National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.