What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Piave in Italy
- Latitude
- 45.2°–46.1° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 5 m to 174 m
- Production zone
- 202,343 ha
Lies within
Venezia, Prosecco, delle Venezie
Covers the same area as
Piave Malanotte
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Piave must meet.
Blend rules
Piave Rosso
- ≥ 50% Merlot · Main grape
- ≤ 50% other non-aromatic red varieties listed in Art. 2 para. 1 · Others allowed
At least 2 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Rosso Riserva
- ≥ 50% Merlot · Main grape
- ≤ 50% other non-aromatic red varieties listed in Art. 2 para. 1 · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Cabernet
- ≥ 85% Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère · Main grape
- – other grapes of the same colour suitable for Treviso and Venezia provinces · Others allowed
At least 2 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Cabernet Riserva
- ≥ 85% Cabernet franc / Cabernet Sauvignon / Carmenère · Main grape
- – other grapes of the same colour suitable for Treviso and Venezia provinces · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Carmenere
- ≥ 85% Carmenère · Main grape
- – other grapes of the same colour suitable for Treviso and Venezia provinces · Others allowed
At least 2 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Merlot
- ≥ 85% Merlot · Main grape
- – other grapes of the same colour suitable for Treviso and Venezia provinces · Others allowed
At least 2 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Merlot Riserva
- ≥ 85% Merlot · Main grape
- – other grapes of the same colour suitable for Treviso and Venezia provinces · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Raboso
- ≥ 85% Raboso Piave / Raboso veronese · Main grape
- – other grapes of the same colour suitable for Treviso and Venezia provinces · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Raboso Passito
- ≥ 85% Raboso Piave / Raboso veronese · Main grape
- – other grapes of the same colour suitable for Treviso and Venezia provinces · Others allowed
At least 18 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Tai
- ≥ 85% Tocai friulano (Tai) · Main grape
- – other grapes of the same colour suitable for Treviso and Venezia provinces · Others allowed
At least 2 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Verduzzo
- ≥ 85% Verduzzo trevigiano / Verduzzo friulano · Main grape
- – other grapes of the same colour suitable for Treviso and Venezia provinces · Others allowed
At least 2 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Verduzzo Passito
- ≥ 85% Verduzzo trevigiano / Verduzzo friulano · Main grape
- – other grapes of the same colour suitable for Treviso and Venezia provinces · Others allowed
At least 12 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Chardonnay
- ≥ 85% Chardonnay · Main grape
- – other grapes of the same colour suitable for Treviso and Venezia provinces · Others allowed
At least 2 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Piave Manzoni Bianco
- ≥ 85% Manzoni Bianco · Main grape
- – other grapes of the same colour suitable for Treviso and Venezia provinces · Others allowed
At least 2 months' ageing.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
36 varieties · Piave Cabernet, Piave Cabernet Riserva
Ancellotta, Barbera, Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Cortis, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Volos, Corbina, Fertilia, Franconia, Incrocio Manzoni 2-14, Incrocio Manzoni 2. 15, Julius, Lambrusco di Sorbara, Malbec, Manzoni Moscato, Marselan, Marzemina Grossa, Marzemino, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Nigra, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Prior, Prodest, Raboso Piave, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Recantina, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Regent, Syrah, Tocai Rosso, Turchetta, Wildbacher
38 varieties · Piave Carmenere
Ancellotta, Barbera, Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Cortis, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Volos, Corbina, Fertilia, Franconia, Incrocio Manzoni 2-14, Incrocio Manzoni 2. 15, Julius, Lambrusco di Sorbara, Malbec, Manzoni Moscato, Marselan, Marzemina Grossa, Marzemino, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Nigra, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Prior, Prodest, Raboso Piave, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Recantina, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Regent, Syrah, Tocai Rosso, Turchetta, Wildbacher
38 varieties · Piave Merlot, Piave Merlot Riserva
Ancellotta, Barbera, Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Cortis, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Corbina, Fertilia, Franconia, Incrocio Manzoni 2-14, Incrocio Manzoni 2. 15, Julius, Lambrusco di Sorbara, Malbec, Manzoni Moscato, Marselan, Marzemina Grossa, Marzemino, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Nigra, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Prior, Prodest, Raboso Piave, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Recantina, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Regent, Syrah, Tocai Rosso, Turchetta, Wildbacher
37 varieties · Piave Raboso, Piave Raboso Passito
Ancellotta, Barbera, Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Cortis, Cabernet Eidos, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Volos, Carmenere, Corbina, Fertilia, Franconia, Incrocio Manzoni 2-14, Incrocio Manzoni 2. 15, Julius, Lambrusco di Sorbara, Malbec, Manzoni Moscato, Marselan, Marzemina Grossa, Marzemino, Merlot, Merlot Kanthus, Merlot Khorus, Nigra, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Prior, Prodest, Rebo, Recantina, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Regent, Syrah, Tocai Rosso, Turchetta, Wildbacher
36 varieties · Piave Tai
Bianchetta Trevigiana, Boschera, Bronner, Dorona, Flavis, Fleurtai, Glera, Glera Lunga, Grapariol, Helios, Incrocio Manzoni 2-3, Italica, Johanniter, Malvasia Istriana, Manzoni Bianco, Marzemina Bianca, Muller Thurgau, Muscaris, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Palava, Perera, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Semillon, Solaris, Soreli, Souvignier Gris, Verdiso, Verduzzo Friulano, Verduzzo Trevigiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
35 varieties · Piave Verduzzo, Piave Verduzzo Passito
Bianchetta Trevigiana, Boschera, Bronner, Dorona, Flavis, Fleurtai, Friulano, Glera, Glera Lunga, Grapariol, Helios, Incrocio Manzoni 2-3, Italica, Johanniter, Malvasia Istriana, Manzoni Bianco, Marzemina Bianca, Muller Thurgau, Muscaris, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Palava, Perera, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Semillon, Solaris, Soreli, Souvignier Gris, Verdiso, Viognier, Welschriesling
37 varieties · Piave Chardonnay
Bianchetta Trevigiana, Boschera, Bronner, Dorona, Flavis, Fleurtai, Friulano, Glera, Glera Lunga, Grapariol, Helios, Incrocio Manzoni 2-3, Italica, Johanniter, Malvasia Istriana, Manzoni Bianco, Marzemina Bianca, Muller Thurgau, Muscaris, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Palava, Perera, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Semillon, Solaris, Soreli, Souvignier Gris, Verdiso, Verduzzo Friulano, Verduzzo Trevigiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
36 varieties · Piave Manzoni Bianco
Bianchetta Trevigiana, Boschera, Bronner, Dorona, Flavis, Fleurtai, Friulano, Glera, Glera Lunga, Grapariol, Helios, Incrocio Manzoni 2-3, Italica, Johanniter, Malvasia Istriana, Marzemina Bianca, Muller Thurgau, Muscaris, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Palava, Perera, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Kretos, Sauvignon Nepis, Sauvignon Rytos, Semillon, Solaris, Soreli, Souvignier Gris, Verdiso, Verduzzo Friulano, Verduzzo Trevigiano, Viognier, Welschriesling
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
2,500
Vines per hectare, minimum
Training
Systems allowed
spalliera semplice; spalliera doppia; Bellussi (Raboso only)
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Permitted
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 18.6 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,841 growing degree days (Winkler III).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 23 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 18.6 °C
- Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,841
- Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 742 mm
- Of 1,185 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 264 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 47 m; Vineyard point 2, 1 m; Vineyard point 3, 6 m; Vineyard point 4, 65 m; Vineyard point 5, -2 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. GambellaraVery similarCompared with Piave: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. ValpolicellaVery similarCompared with Piave: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. Riviera del Garda BrescianoVery similarCompared with Piave: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 264 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Disciplinare di produzione: Piave (version published by MASAF up to May 2023, via the Internet Archive; later amendments not yet included) · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Riserva grapes need 1% vol more natural alcohol than the variety minimum (Rosso yield and natural alcohol follow the varieties used); Merlot may be dry or off-dry (asciutto o abboccato). Passito grapes may not be pressed before 15 November; release periods run from 1 November of the harvest year; vinification also allowed across Treviso province and eastern Venezia province.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.