What is made here
Wine colours
The only colour the rules allow.
Where it is
Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto in Italy
- Latitude
- 44.3°–44.6° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 46 m to 294 m
- Production zone
- 42,992 ha
Lies within
Colli Bolognesi
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto must meet.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
36 varieties · Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto
Albana, Alionza, Bervedino, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Durella, Famoso, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Melara, Montu', Mostosa, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Ortrugo, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Ruggine, Santa Maria, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Spergola, Trebbianina, Trebbiano Modenese, Trebbiano Romagnolo, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdea, Verdicchio Bianco, Vernaccina, Welschriesling
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
3,000
Vines per hectare, minimum
Permitted
Irrigation
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 19.0 °C, hot on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,930 growing degree days (Winkler III).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 152 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 19.0 °C
- Hot · 19–21 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,930
- Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 520 mm
- Of 895 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 166 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 234 m; Vineyard point 2, 284 m; Vineyard point 3, 140 m; Vineyard point 4, 46 m; Vineyard point 5, 54 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. Montecompatri ColonnaVery similarCompared with Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Lago di CorbaraVery similarCompared with Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. ZagaroloVery similarCompared with Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 166 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Single document: Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto (Official Journal C 379, 3.10.2022; and the technical file 'Ares(2014)1902996' from the EU register) · European Union, Official Journal (C series) · EU law (Commission reuse policy)
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Source is the EU register technical file (2014 single document summary) only; the national disciplinare was not available, so grape yield in t/ha, natural alcohol and other details are not captured. The text calls the wine a DOCG.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.