What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Cirò in Italy
- Latitude
- 39.3°–39.5° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 14 m to 139 m
- Production zone
- 21,271 ha
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Cirò must meet.
Blend rules
Cirò Rosso
- ≥ 80% Gaglioppo · Main grape
- ≤ 10% Barbera / Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Sangiovese / Merlot · Allowed
- ≤ 20% other red grapes authorised in Calabria · Others allowed
; release from 1 June of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Cirò Rosso Classico
- ≥ 80% Gaglioppo · Main grape
- ≤ 10% Barbera / Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Sangiovese / Merlot · Allowed
- ≤ 20% other red grapes authorised in Calabria · Others allowed
; release from 1 June of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Cirò Rosso Classico Superiore
- ≥ 80% Gaglioppo · Main grape
- ≤ 10% Barbera / Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Sangiovese / Merlot · Allowed
- ≤ 20% other red grapes authorised in Calabria · Others allowed
; release from 1 June of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Cirò Rosso Classico Superiore Riserva
- ≥ 80% Gaglioppo · Main grape
- ≤ 10% Barbera / Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Sangiovese / Merlot · Allowed
- ≤ 20% other red grapes authorised in Calabria · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing; release from 1 June of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Cirò Rosso Superiore
- ≥ 80% Gaglioppo · Main grape
- ≤ 10% Barbera / Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Sangiovese / Merlot · Allowed
- ≤ 20% other red grapes authorised in Calabria · Others allowed
; release from 1 June of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Cirò Rosso Superiore Riserva
- ≥ 80% Gaglioppo · Main grape
- ≤ 10% Barbera / Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Sangiovese / Merlot · Allowed
- ≤ 20% other red grapes authorised in Calabria · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing; release from 1 June of the year after the harvest.
Blend rules
Cirò Bianco
- ≥ 80% Greco bianco · Main grape
- ≤ 20% other white grapes authorised in Calabria · Others allowed
Blend rules
Cirò Rosato
- ≥ 80% Gaglioppo · Main grape
- ≤ 10% Barbera / Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Sangiovese / Merlot · Allowed
- ≤ 20% other red grapes authorised in Calabria · Others allowed
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
14 varieties · 7 wines
Aglianico, Alicante, Calabrese, Castiglione, Magliocco Canino, Malvasia Nera di Brindisi, Marsigliana Nera, Montepulciano, Nerello Cappuccio, Nerello Mascalese, Nocera, Petit Verdot, Prunesta, Syrah
15 varieties · Cirò Bianco
Ansonica, Guardavalle, Guarnaccia, Malvasia Bianca, Manzoni Bianco, Montonico Bianco, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Pecorello, Pinot Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdicchio Bianco, Welschriesling, Zibibbo
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Permitted
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 21.3 °C, very hot on Gregory Jones's scale, with 2,429 growing degree days (Winkler V).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 71 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 21.3 °C
- Very hot · above 21 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 2,429
- Region V: 2,222 and over degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 381 mm
- Of 847 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 200 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 59 m; Vineyard point 2, 15 m; Vineyard point 3, 12 m; Vineyard point 4, 59 m; Vineyard point 5, 209 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in moderately complex terrain; not yet checked against a weather station.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. Μοσχάτο ΠατρώνVery similarCompared with Cirò: same season warmth, drier (−56 mm).
2. Μαυροδάφνη ΠατρώνVery similarCompared with Cirò: same season warmth, drier (−60 mm).
3. MamertinoVery similarCompared with Cirò: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 200 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Disciplinare di produzione: Cirò · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Rosato and Bianco may be 'da secco ad abboccato', so sweetness is null. The Art. 1-7 text does not set separate rules for 'Classico', so the Classico products repeat the Rosso rules; superiore total alcohol is given as 'complessivo'.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.