What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Colli Pesaresi in Italy
- Latitude
- 43.5°–44.0° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 50 m to 372 m
- Production zone
- 164,725 ha
Contains 1 appellation (outlined on the zone map)
Bianchello del Metauro
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Colli Pesaresi must meet.
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Rosso
- ≥ 70% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 30% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Rosato/Rosé
- ≥ 70% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 30% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Sangiovese
- ≥ 85% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Sangiovese Riserva
- ≥ 85% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Sangiovese Novello
- ≥ 85% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Focara Rosso
- ≥ 50% Pinot nero / Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Merlot · Main grape
- ≤ 50% Sangiovese · Allowed
- ≤ 25% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Focara Rosso Riserva
- ≥ 50% Pinot nero / Cabernet franc / Cabernet sauvignon / Merlot · Main grape
- ≤ 50% Sangiovese · Allowed
- ≤ 25% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Focara Pinot Nero
- ≥ 90% Pinot Noir · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Focara Pinot Nero Riserva
- ≥ 90% Pinot Noir · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Parco Naturale Monte San Bartolo Sangiovese
- ≥ 85% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Parco Naturale Monte San Bartolo Sangiovese Riserva
- ≥ 85% Sangiovese · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Parco Naturale Monte San Bartolo Cabernet Sauvignon
- ≥ 85% Cabernet Sauvignon · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Parco Naturale Monte San Bartolo Cabernet Sauvignon Riserva
- ≥ 85% Cabernet Sauvignon · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Roncaglia Pinot Nero
- ≥ 90% Pinot Noir · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Roncaglia Pinot Nero Riserva
- ≥ 90% Pinot Noir · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other non-aromatic red varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Bianco
- ≥ 75% Trebbiano toscano / Verdicchio / Biancame / Pinot grigio / Pinot nero (vinified white) / Riesling italico / Chardonnay / Sauvignon / Pinot bianco · Main grape
- ≤ 25% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Biancame
- ≥ 85% Biancame · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Trebbiano
- ≥ 85% Trebbiano toscano (Albanella) · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Spumante
- ≥ 75% Trebbiano toscano / Verdicchio / Biancame / Pinot grigio / Pinot nero (vinified white) / Riesling italico / Chardonnay / Sauvignon / Pinot bianco · Main grape
- ≤ 25% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Roncaglia Pinot Nero Vinificato in Bianco
- ≥ 90% Pinot nero (vinified white) · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Roncaglia Pinot Nero Vinificato in Bianco Riserva
- ≥ 90% Pinot nero (vinified white) · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
At least 18 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Focara Pinot Nero Vinificato in Bianco
- ≥ 90% Pinot nero (vinified white) · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Focara Pinot Nero Vinificato in Bianco Riserva
- ≥ 90% Pinot nero (vinified white) · Main grape
- ≤ 10% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
At least 18 months' ageing.
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Focara Pinot Nero Spumante
- ≥ 85% Pinot nero (vinified white) · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Roncaglia Pinot Nero Spumante
- ≥ 85% Pinot nero (vinified white) · Main grape
- ≤ 15% other non-aromatic white varieties authorised for the Marche region · Others allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Roncaglia Bianco
- ≥ 25% Pinot nero (vinified white) · Main grape
- ≤ 75% Trebbiano toscano / Chardonnay / Sauvignon / Pinot grigio / Pinot bianco · Allowed
Blend rules
Colli Pesaresi Roncaglia Bianco Riserva
- ≥ 25% Pinot nero (vinified white) · Main grape
- ≤ 75% Trebbiano toscano / Chardonnay / Sauvignon / Pinot grigio / Pinot bianco · Allowed
At least 18 months' ageing.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
26 varieties · 7 wines
Alicante, Ancellotta, Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Canaiolo Nero, Carignan, Ciliegiolo, Colorino, Foglia Tonda, Gaglioppo, Lacrima, Maiolica, Malbo Gentile, Merlot, Montepulciano, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sagrantino, Syrah, Teroldego, Terrano, Vernaccia Nera, Vernaccia Nera Grossa
23 varieties · Colli Pesaresi Focara Rosso, Colli Pesaresi Focara Rosso Riserva
Alicante, Ancellotta, Barbera, Canaiolo Nero, Carignan, Ciliegiolo, Colorino, Foglia Tonda, Gaglioppo, Lacrima, Maiolica, Malbo Gentile, Montepulciano, Petit Verdot, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sagrantino, Sangiovese, Syrah, Teroldego, Terrano, Vernaccia Nera, Vernaccia Nera Grossa
26 varieties · 4 wines
Alicante, Ancellotta, Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Canaiolo Nero, Carignan, Ciliegiolo, Colorino, Foglia Tonda, Gaglioppo, Lacrima, Maiolica, Malbo Gentile, Merlot, Montepulciano, Petit Verdot, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sagrantino, Sangiovese, Syrah, Teroldego, Terrano, Vernaccia Nera, Vernaccia Nera Grossa
26 varieties · Colli Pesaresi Parco Naturale Monte San Bartolo Cabernet Sauvignon, Colli Pesaresi Parco Naturale Monte San Bartolo Cabernet Sauvignon Riserva
Alicante, Ancellotta, Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Canaiolo Nero, Carignan, Ciliegiolo, Colorino, Foglia Tonda, Gaglioppo, Lacrima, Maiolica, Malbo Gentile, Merlot, Montepulciano, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sagrantino, Sangiovese, Syrah, Teroldego, Terrano, Vernaccia Nera, Vernaccia Nera Grossa
20 varieties · Colli Pesaresi Bianco, Colli Pesaresi Spumante
Albana, Bombino Bianco, Famoso, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Garofanata, Grechetto, Incrocio Bruni 54, Maceratino, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Manzoni Bianco, Montonico Bianco, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Passerina, Pecorino, Riesling, Vermentino
25 varieties · Colli Pesaresi Biancame
Albana, Bombino Bianco, Famoso, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Garofanata, Grechetto, Incrocio Bruni 54, Maceratino, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Manzoni Bianco, Montonico Bianco, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Passerina, Pecorino, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Welschriesling
25 varieties · Colli Pesaresi Trebbiano
Albana, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Famoso, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Garofanata, Grechetto, Incrocio Bruni 54, Maceratino, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Manzoni Bianco, Montonico Bianco, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Passerina, Pecorino, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Welschriesling
26 varieties · 6 wines
Albana, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Famoso, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Garofanata, Grechetto, Incrocio Bruni 54, Maceratino, Malvasia Bianca Lunga, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Manzoni Bianco, Montonico Bianco, Mostosa, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Passerina, Pecorino, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdicchio Bianco, Vermentino, Welschriesling
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
2,500
Vines per hectare, minimum
No forcing
Forcing the vines is prohibited
Permitted
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
Allowed
Enrichment (chaptalisation)
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 18.3 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,789 growing degree days (Winkler III).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 295 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 18.3 °C
- Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,789
- Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 467 mm
- Of 851 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 161 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 273 m; Vineyard point 2, 507 m; Vineyard point 3, 360 m; Vineyard point 4, 184 m; Vineyard point 5, 153 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in moderately complex terrain; not yet checked against a weather station.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. ВрацаVery similarCompared with Colli Pesaresi: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. Colli del TrasimenoVery similarCompared with Colli Pesaresi: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. БрестникVery similarCompared with Colli Pesaresi: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 161 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Disciplinare di produzione: Colli Pesaresi · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Riserva requires grapes of at least 12% vol natural alcohol and ageing in the zone (18 months for white-vinified types, 2 years for reds) from 1 November. The text does not say whether the subzone spumanti take the 9.5% vol spumante or 11.5% vol subzone natural alcohol minimum, so it is left null; spumanti range from extra brut to demi-sec, method not stated. Vinification is also allowed anywhere in the province of Pesaro-Urbino.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.