Colli di Parma · Vinous

What is made here

Wine colours

Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.

Where it is

Colli di Parma in Italy

Latitude: 44.5°–44.9° N
Vineyard altitude: 159 m to 434 m
Production zone: 100,475 ha

Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.

Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.

01 · What the law says

The rules

Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Colli di Parma must meet.

37 wines in the rules, all colours.
Wine	Main grape(s)	Max yield t/ha	Max wine hl/ha	Wine from grapes max. %	Grape ripeness min. % pot. alc.	Wine min. % alc.	Actual alc. min. %	Acidity min. g/l	Dry extract min. g/l	Ageing min. months	In bottle min. months	On lees min. months
Colli di Parma Malvasia	85% Malvasia di Candia Aromatica	11	72	65	10	10.5	5.5	5	15	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Malvasia Frizzante	85% Malvasia di Candia Aromatica	11	72	65	10	10.5	5.5	5	15	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Malvasia Spumante	85% Malvasia di Candia Aromatica	11	72	65	10	10.5	–	5.5	15	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Sauvignon	95% Sauvignon Blanc	7.5	49	65	11	11.5	–	5	15	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Sauvignon Frizzante	95% Sauvignon Blanc	7.5	49	65	11	11.5	–	5	15	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Sauvignon Spumante	95% Sauvignon Blanc	7.5	49	65	11	11.5	–	6	16	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Chardonnay	95% Chardonnay	9	59	65	11	11.5	–	5	15	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Chardonnay Frizzante	95% Chardonnay	9	59	65	11	11.5	–	5	15	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Chardonnay Spumante	95% Chardonnay	9	59	65	11	11.5	–	5	15	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Pinot Bianco	95% Pinot Blanc	9	59	65	11	11.5	–	5	15	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Pinot Bianco Frizzante	95% Pinot Blanc	9	59	65	11	11.5	–	5	15	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Pinot Bianco Spumante	95% Pinot Blanc	9	59	65	11	11.5	–	5	15	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Pinot Grigio	95% Pinot Grigio	9	59	65	11	11.5	–	5	15	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Rosso	60% Barbera	10	70	70	10.5	11	–	5	18	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Rosso Frizzante	60% Barbera	10	70	70	10.5	11	–	5	18	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Lambrusco	85% Lambrusco Maestri	11	77	70	10	11	5.5	5.5	18	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Lambrusco Frizzante	85% Lambrusco Maestri	11	77	70	10	11	5.5	5.5	18	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Pinot Nero	85% Pinot Noir	9	59	65	11.5	12	–	5	20	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Merlot	85% Merlot	10	70	70	11.5	12	–	4.5	20	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Cabernet Franc	85% Cabernet Franc	10	70	70	11.5	12	–	4.5	20	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Cabernet Sauvignon	85% Cabernet Sauvignon	10	70	70	11.5	12	–	4.5	20	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Barbera	85% Barbera	10	70	70	11.5	12	–	5	21	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Barbera Frizzante	85% Barbera	10	70	70	11.5	12	–	5	21	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Bonarda	85% Bonarda	10	70	70	11.5	12	5.5	4.5	21	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Bonarda Frizzante	85% Bonarda	10	70	70	11.5	12	5.5	4.5	21	–	–	–
Colli di Parma Spumante	0% Pinot Nero / Chardonnay / Pinot bianco	9	59	65	11	12	–	5.5	14	18	–	12
Colli di Parma Malvasia Riserva	85% Malvasia di Candia Aromatica	11	72	65	10	10.5	5.5	5	15	18	3	–
Colli di Parma Sauvignon Riserva	95% Sauvignon Blanc	7.5	49	65	11	11.5	–	5	15	18	3	–
Colli di Parma Chardonnay Riserva	95% Chardonnay	9	59	65	11	11.5	–	5	15	18	3	–
Colli di Parma Pinot Bianco Riserva	95% Pinot Blanc	9	59	65	11	11.5	–	5	15	18	3	–
Colli di Parma Rosso Riserva	60% Barbera	10	70	70	10.5	11	–	5	18	24	6	–
Colli di Parma Pinot Nero Riserva	85% Pinot Noir	9	59	65	11.5	12	–	5	20	24	6	–
Colli di Parma Merlot Riserva	85% Merlot	10	70	70	11.5	12	–	4.5	20	24	6	–
Colli di Parma Cabernet Franc Riserva	85% Cabernet Franc	10	70	70	11.5	12	–	4.5	20	24	6	–
Colli di Parma Cabernet Sauvignon Riserva	85% Cabernet Sauvignon	10	70	70	11.5	12	–	4.5	20	24	6	–
Colli di Parma Barbera Riserva	85% Barbera	10	70	70	11.5	12	–	5	21	24	6	–
Colli di Parma Bonarda Riserva	85% Bonarda	10	70	70	11.5	12	5.5	4.5	21	24	6	–

From the official production rules (disciplinare di produzione). Hover a figure to see the clause it comes from. A dash means the rules set no figure, or it is not captured yet.

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Malvasia

85–100% Malvasia di Candia Aromatica · Main grape
≤ 15% Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains · Allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Malvasia Frizzante

85–100% Malvasia di Candia Aromatica · Main grape
≤ 15% Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains · Allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Malvasia Spumante

85–100% Malvasia di Candia Aromatica · Main grape
≤ 15% Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains · Allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Sauvignon

≥ 95% Sauvignon Blanc · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Sauvignon Frizzante

≥ 95% Sauvignon Blanc · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Sauvignon Spumante

≥ 95% Sauvignon Blanc · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Chardonnay

≥ 95% Chardonnay · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Chardonnay Frizzante

≥ 95% Chardonnay · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Chardonnay Spumante

≥ 95% Chardonnay · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Pinot Bianco

≥ 95% Pinot Blanc · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Pinot Bianco Frizzante

≥ 95% Pinot Blanc · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Pinot Bianco Spumante

≥ 95% Pinot Blanc · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Pinot Grigio

≥ 95% Pinot Grigio · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Rosso

60–75% Barbera · Main grape
25–40% Bonarda / Croatina · Allowed
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Rosso Frizzante

60–75% Barbera · Main grape
25–40% Bonarda / Croatina · Allowed
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Lambrusco

85–100% Lambrusco Maestri · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Lambrusco Frizzante

85–100% Lambrusco Maestri · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Pinot Nero

85–100% Pinot Noir · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Merlot

85–100% Merlot · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Cabernet Franc

85–100% Cabernet Franc · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Cabernet Sauvignon

85–100% Cabernet Sauvignon · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Barbera

85–100% Barbera · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Barbera Frizzante

85–100% Barbera · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Bonarda

85–100% Bonarda · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Bonarda Frizzante

85–100% Bonarda · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Malvasia Riserva

85–100% Malvasia di Candia Aromatica · Main grape
≤ 15% Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains · Allowed

At least 18 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Sauvignon Riserva

≥ 95% Sauvignon Blanc · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

At least 18 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Chardonnay Riserva

≥ 95% Chardonnay · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

At least 18 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Pinot Bianco Riserva

≥ 95% Pinot Blanc · Main grape
≤ 5% other non-aromatic grapes of the same colour authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

At least 18 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Rosso Riserva

60–75% Barbera · Main grape
25–40% Bonarda / Croatina · Allowed
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Pinot Nero Riserva

85–100% Pinot Noir · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Merlot Riserva

85–100% Merlot · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Cabernet Franc Riserva

85–100% Cabernet Franc · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Cabernet Sauvignon Riserva

85–100% Cabernet Sauvignon · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Barbera Riserva

85–100% Barbera · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Blend rules

Colli di Parma Bonarda Riserva

85–100% Bonarda · Main grape
≤ 15% other non-aromatic black grapes authorised for Emilia-Romagna, excluding Lambrusco · Others allowed

At least 24 months' ageing.

Other varieties allowed

Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.

35 varieties · 4 wines

Albana, Alionza, Bervedino, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Durella, Famoso, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Melara, Montu', Mostosa, Muller Thurgau, Ortrugo, Pignoletto, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Ruggine, Santa Maria, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Spergola, Trebbianina, Trebbiano Modenese, Trebbiano Romagnolo, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdea, Verdicchio Bianco, Vernaccina, Welschriesling

36 varieties · 4 wines

Albana, Alionza, Bervedino, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Durella, Famoso, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Melara, Montu', Mostosa, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Ortrugo, Pignoletto, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Ruggine, Santa Maria, Semillon, Spergola, Trebbianina, Trebbiano Modenese, Trebbiano Romagnolo, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdea, Verdicchio Bianco, Vernaccina, Welschriesling

37 varieties · 5 wines

Albana, Alionza, Bervedino, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Durella, Famoso, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Melara, Montu', Mostosa, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Ortrugo, Pignoletto, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, Ruggine, Santa Maria, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Spergola, Trebbianina, Trebbiano Modenese, Trebbiano Romagnolo, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdea, Verdicchio Bianco, Vernaccina, Welschriesling

36 varieties · 4 wines

Albana, Alionza, Bervedino, Biancame, Bombino Bianco, Durella, Famoso, Fiano, Friulano, Garganega, Malvasia Bianca di Candia, Malvasia Istriana, Malvasia di Candia Aromatica, Manzoni Bianco, Marsanne, Melara, Montu', Mostosa, Muller Thurgau, Muscat Blanc A Petits Grains, Ortrugo, Pignoletto, Riesling, Ruggine, Santa Maria, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Spergola, Trebbianina, Trebbiano Modenese, Trebbiano Romagnolo, Trebbiano Toscano, Verdea, Verdicchio Bianco, Vernaccina, Welschriesling

48 varieties · Colli di Parma Rosso, Colli di Parma Rosso Frizzante, Colli di Parma Rosso Riserva

Alicante, Ancellotta, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Canina Nera, Carmenere, Centesimino, Ciliegiolo, Croatina, Dolcetto, Ervi, Fogarina, Fortana, Gamay, Groppello Gentile, Lambrusco Barghi, Lambrusco Benetti, Lambrusco Grasparossa, Lambrusco Maestri, Lambrusco Marani, Lambrusco Montericco, Lambrusco Oliva, Lambrusco Salamino, Lambrusco Viadanese, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Lambrusco di Sorbara, Malbo Gentile, Marzemino, Merlese, Merlot, Montepulciano, Negretto, Perla dei Vivi, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sangiovese, Sgavetta, Syrah, Termarina, Terrano, Uva Longanesi, Uva Tosca, Uva del Fantini, Uva del Tunde', Veruccese

49 varieties · Colli di Parma Lambrusco, Colli di Parma Lambrusco Frizzante

Alicante, Ancellotta, Barbera, Bonarda, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Canina Nera, Carmenere, Centesimino, Ciliegiolo, Croatina, Dolcetto, Ervi, Fogarina, Fortana, Gamay, Groppello Gentile, Lambrusco Barghi, Lambrusco Benetti, Lambrusco Grasparossa, Lambrusco Marani, Lambrusco Montericco, Lambrusco Oliva, Lambrusco Salamino, Lambrusco Viadanese, Lambrusco a Foglia Frastagliata, Lambrusco di Sorbara, Malbo Gentile, Marzemino, Merlese, Merlot, Montepulciano, Negretto, Perla dei Vivi, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sangiovese, Sgavetta, Syrah, Termarina, Terrano, Uva Longanesi, Uva Tosca, Uva del Fantini, Uva del Tunde', Veruccese

38 varieties · Colli di Parma Pinot Nero, Colli di Parma Pinot Nero Riserva

Alicante, Ancellotta, Barbera, Bonarda, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Canina Nera, Carmenere, Centesimino, Ciliegiolo, Croatina, Dolcetto, Ervi, Fogarina, Fortana, Gamay, Groppello Gentile, Malbo Gentile, Marzemino, Merlese, Merlot, Montepulciano, Negretto, Perla dei Vivi, Petit Verdot, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sangiovese, Sgavetta, Syrah, Termarina, Terrano, Uva Longanesi, Uva Tosca, Uva del Fantini, Uva del Tunde', Veruccese

38 varieties · Colli di Parma Merlot, Colli di Parma Merlot Riserva

Alicante, Ancellotta, Barbera, Bonarda, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Canina Nera, Carmenere, Centesimino, Ciliegiolo, Croatina, Dolcetto, Ervi, Fogarina, Fortana, Gamay, Groppello Gentile, Malbo Gentile, Marzemino, Merlese, Montepulciano, Negretto, Perla dei Vivi, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sangiovese, Sgavetta, Syrah, Termarina, Terrano, Uva Longanesi, Uva Tosca, Uva del Fantini, Uva del Tunde', Veruccese

38 varieties · Colli di Parma Cabernet Franc, Colli di Parma Cabernet Franc Riserva

Alicante, Ancellotta, Barbera, Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Canina Nera, Carmenere, Centesimino, Ciliegiolo, Croatina, Dolcetto, Ervi, Fogarina, Fortana, Gamay, Groppello Gentile, Malbo Gentile, Marzemino, Merlese, Merlot, Montepulciano, Negretto, Perla dei Vivi, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sangiovese, Sgavetta, Syrah, Termarina, Terrano, Uva Longanesi, Uva Tosca, Uva del Fantini, Uva del Tunde', Veruccese

38 varieties · Colli di Parma Cabernet Sauvignon, Colli di Parma Cabernet Sauvignon Riserva

Alicante, Ancellotta, Barbera, Bonarda, Cabernet Franc, Canina Nera, Carmenere, Centesimino, Ciliegiolo, Croatina, Dolcetto, Ervi, Fogarina, Fortana, Gamay, Groppello Gentile, Malbo Gentile, Marzemino, Merlese, Merlot, Montepulciano, Negretto, Perla dei Vivi, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sangiovese, Sgavetta, Syrah, Termarina, Terrano, Uva Longanesi, Uva Tosca, Uva del Fantini, Uva del Tunde', Veruccese

38 varieties · Colli di Parma Barbera, Colli di Parma Barbera Frizzante, Colli di Parma Barbera Riserva

Alicante, Ancellotta, Bonarda, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Canina Nera, Carmenere, Centesimino, Ciliegiolo, Croatina, Dolcetto, Ervi, Fogarina, Fortana, Gamay, Groppello Gentile, Malbo Gentile, Marzemino, Merlese, Merlot, Montepulciano, Negretto, Perla dei Vivi, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sangiovese, Sgavetta, Syrah, Termarina, Terrano, Uva Longanesi, Uva Tosca, Uva del Fantini, Uva del Tunde', Veruccese

38 varieties · Colli di Parma Bonarda, Colli di Parma Bonarda Frizzante, Colli di Parma Bonarda Riserva

Alicante, Ancellotta, Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Canina Nera, Carmenere, Centesimino, Ciliegiolo, Croatina, Dolcetto, Ervi, Fogarina, Fortana, Gamay, Groppello Gentile, Malbo Gentile, Marzemino, Merlese, Merlot, Montepulciano, Negretto, Perla dei Vivi, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir, Raboso Veronese, Rebo, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Sangiovese, Sgavetta, Syrah, Termarina, Terrano, Uva Longanesi, Uva Tosca, Uva del Fantini, Uva del Tunde', Veruccese

In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine

3,200

Vines per hectare, minimum

Training

Systems allowed

Guyot; cordone speronato

No forcing

Forcing the vines is prohibited

Permitted

Irrigation

Cellar

Where the wine must be made

Within the production zone

02 · Climate fingerprint

The climate

The growing season averages 18.0 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,714 growing degree days (Winkler III).

The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 286 m

Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season

Growing-season temperature: 18.0 °C; Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
Growing degree days: 1,714; Region III: 1,667–1,943 degree days
Growing-season rain: 611 mm; Of 1,055 mm a year
Harvest rain: 214 mm; September–October

Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 243 m; Vineyard point 2, 560 m; Vineyard point 3, 278 m; Vineyard point 4, 159 m; Vineyard point 5, 190 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.

Lower confidence:Monthly reanalysis in moderately complex terrain; not yet checked against a weather station.

Closest climates in the database

Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.

1. AstiVery similarCompared with Colli di Parma: same season warmth, similar rain.

2. Côtes du VivaraisVery similarCompared with Colli di Parma: same season warmth, similar rain.

3. NizzaVery similarCompared with Colli di Parma: same season warmth, similar rain.

Growing-season temperature

Colli di Parma

18.0 °C

Asti

17.9 °C

Côtes du Vivarais

17.9 °C

Nizza

18.1 °C

Growing degree days

Colli di Parma

1,714

Asti

1,698

Côtes du Vivarais

1,686

Nizza

1,724

Growing-season rain

Colli di Parma

611 mm

Asti

607 mm

Côtes du Vivarais

615 mm

Nizza

636 mm

03 · Year by year

35 vintages

Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.

Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 214 mm

2025

Growing-season temp.
Growing degree days
Harvest rain
Growing-season rain
September nights
Hot days and frosts

Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.

04 · Where the numbers come from

Sources

A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
Quality wines in Italy and France: a dataset of PDO specifications · figshare 25393261 · CC BY 4.0
ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
Disciplinare di produzione: Colli di Parma · Ministero dell'agricoltura, della sovranità alimentare e delle foreste (MASAF) · Official act
Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method

Still to check (3)

Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
From the specification: Riserva types are defined only in Article 5 (ageing rules) and are added here though not in the register. For Rosso the yield table gives 11.50% vol total alcohol at release but Article 6 gives 11.00% (recorded). Bonarda vineyards may have 2800 vines/ha; Guyot or spurred cordon are preferred but similar systems are allowed. Varietal spumanti may be Charmat or classic method; Malvasia, Bonarda and Lambrusco range from dry to sweet. Frizzante wines take the base type's values; Pinot Grigio may also be frizzante.
National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.