What is made here
Wine colours
Colours the rules allow. Pick a colour to filter the rules and grapes below.
Where it is
Tolna in Hungary
- Latitude
- 46.2°–47.2° N
- Vineyard altitude
- 121 m to 233 m
- Production zone
- 211,867 ha
Lies within
Pannon
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
Showing every colour The colour filter changes the rules and grapes. Climate, vintages and soils describe the vineyards, so they stay the same.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Tolna must meet.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
35 varieties · Tolna wine white, Tolna wine rosé, Tolna wine red
Alibernet, Blauburger, Bíbor Kadarka, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Cserszegi Füszeres, Dornfelder, Ezerfürtü, Ezerjó, Hárslevelü, Irsai Oliver, Kadarka, Királyleányka, Kékfrankos, Kékoportó, Leányka, Menoire, Merlot, Nektár, Olasz Rizling, Ottonel Muskotály, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Rajnai Rizling, Rizlingszilváni, Syrah, Szürkebarát, Sárga Muskotály, Tramini, Zengö, Zenit, Zweigelt, Zöld Szilváni, Zöld Veltelíni
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
3,300
Vines per hectare, minimum
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 17.3 °C, warm on Gregory Jones's scale, with 1,565 growing degree days (Winkler II).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 171 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 17.3 °C
- Warm · 17–19 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 1,565
- Region II: 1,389–1,666 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 438 mm
- Of 680 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 122 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 5 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 181 m; Vineyard point 2, 121 m; Vineyard point 3, 137 m; Vineyard point 4, 184 m; Vineyard point 5, 233 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. MonorVery similarCompared with Tolna: same season warmth, similar rain.
2. MalepèreVery similarCompared with Tolna: same season warmth, similar rain.
3. MonterreiVery similarCompared with Tolna: same season warmth, similar rain.
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 122 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- OpenStreetMap vineyard areas (landuse=vineyard), from Geofabrik country extracts · OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL 1.0
- Copernicus DEM GLO-90 (AWS open data tiles) · European Space Agency / Copernicus · Copernicus DEM licence
- Single document: Tolna (Official Journal C 215, 19.6.2023; and the product specification 'TOLNA_termekleiras.pdf' from the EU register) · European Union, Official Journal (C series) · EU law (Commission reuse policy)
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Main varieties (section 7): 37, including alibernet, blauburger, bíbor kadarka, cabernet franc, cabernet sauvignon, chardonnay, cserszegi fűszeres, dornfelder. Late-harvest wine may be white, rosé or red. Wines naming a vineyard are limited to 80 hl/ha and 11,000 kg/ha; selected-vineyard wines need at least 6 months in oak barrels; late-harvest, select-harvest, raisined-grape and vineyard-named wines may not be enriched or sweetened and must be hand-harvested. Rows must be 2–3.5 m apart and vines 0.6–1.2 m apart in vineyards planted after 1 August 2009. The sparkling-wine method is not named. Product 'dűlő szelektált bor' (selected-vineyard wine) added from the national specification: at least six months in oak, with the vineyard-named yield limits (11 t/ha, 80 hl/ha of new wine on lees); the text gives no grape rules of its own.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.