What is made here
Wine colours
The only colour the rules allow.
Where it is
Λήμνος in Greece
- Latitude
- 39.8°–40.0° N
- Production zone
- 47,859 ha
Covers the same area as
Μοσχάτος Λήμνου
Worked out from the boundaries (smallest container first). They follow whole communes, so a neighbour sharing a commune can show up here too.
Boundary drawn from whole communes, so it is a little larger than the legal zone. Boundary: Eurac Research PDO inventory (CC0). Country outlines: Natural Earth. Dots on the zone map are the vineyard points used for climate.
01 · What the law says
The rules
Limits on grapes, yields, ripeness and ageing that every wine labelled Λήμνος must meet.
Blend rules
Λήμνος Οίνος Λευκός Ξηρός
- 90% Λημνιό (Καλαμπάκι) · Main grape
- 10% Μοσχάτο Αλεξανδρείας · Allowed
At least 24 months' ageing.
Other varieties allowed
Besides the main grapes, the rules allow these varieties in some wines. Grape names link where a profile exists.
1 varieties ·
Limnio
2 varieties ·
Limnio, Moschato Alexandreias
In the vineyard and cellar: rules for every wine
Training
Systems allowed
κυπελλοειδή (goblet); γραμμικά σχήματα (linear/cordon)
Permitted
Irrigation
Cellar
Where the wine must be made
Within the production zone
02 · Climate fingerprint
The climate
The growing season averages 19.9 °C, hot on Gregory Jones's scale, with 2,117 growing degree days (Winkler IV).
The average year 1991–2020, vineyards at about 146 m
Monthly mean, °CRain, mmGrowing season
- Growing-season temperature
- 19.9 °C
- Hot · 19–21 °C (Jones)
- Growing degree days
- 2,117
- Region IV: 1,944–2,221 degree days
- Growing-season rain
- 148 mm
- Of 520 mm a year
- Harvest rain
- 77 mm
- September–October
Copernicus ERA5-Land monthly averages at 1 vineyard points (Vineyard point 1, 146 m), moved to each point's height from the model's terrain. Indices that need daily data are not captured yet. How the climate figures are made.
Lower confidence:No vineyards are mapped here yet, so this is the climate at one point in the middle of the zone, which may not be where the vines are. Monthly reanalysis in complex terrain (height corrections up to 0.6 °C); absolute values may be several degrees out, year-to-year changes are more reliable.
Closest climates in the database
Picked by the data, not by hand: the profiles nearest on season warmth (counted twice), degree days, rain, ripening-month nights and day–night range. Neighbours within 30 km are left out, as they share the same weather.
1. JumillaVery similarCompared with Λήμνος: same season warmth, wetter (+44 mm).
2. Μοσχάτος ΡόδουVery similarCompared with Λήμνος: same season warmth, drier (−50 mm).
3. YeclaVery similarCompared with Λήμνος: same season warmth, wetter (+51 mm).
Growing-season temperature
Growing degree days
Growing-season rain
03 · Year by year
35 vintages
Each column is one growing season: heat above or below the 1991–2020 average, and rain at harvest. Pick a year for the details.
Warmer than averageCooler than averageHarvest rain (Sep–Oct)Average harvest rain, 77 mm
2025
- Growing-season temp.
- Growing degree days
- Harvest rain
- Growing-season rain
- September nights
- Hot days and frosts
Seasons are labelled by harvest year (April–October). Year-to-year changes from ERA5-Land; tested against station records in Alto Adige (r = 0.94 for season temperature at Bolzano). Rain varies more locally, so treat single-season rain with some caution. Vintage ratings, harvest dates and frost or hail events have places in the data model but are not loaded yet.
04 · Where the numbers come from
Sources
- A geospatial inventory of regulatory information for wine protected designations of origin in Europe · Candiago et al., Scientific Data 9, 394 (2022); Eurac Research · CC0
- ERA5-Land monthly averaged data (reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), Climate Data Store · CC BY 4.0 (Copernicus licence)
- Product specification: Λήμνος (ΠΡΟΔΙΑΓΡΑΦΗ ΤΟΥ ΠΡΟΪΟΝΤΟΣ ΠΟΠ ΛΗΜΝΟΣ.doc) · National authority, as filed in the EU register (eAmbrosia) · Official document
- Appellation nesting worked out from boundaries (pipeline/build_nesting.py) · Vinous, from the Eurac PDO boundaries · CC0 (source data)
- Climate profiles calculated by Vinous: method
Still to check (3)
- Generated from EU reference data: check against the current product specification.
- From the specification: Whites from Muscat of Alexandria, reds from Limnio (Kalambaki); Liastos and liqueur wine from 90 % Limnio and 10 % Muscat. Grape yields are 12,000 kg/ha for Muscat of Alexandria and 10,000 kg/ha for Limnio; the dried-grape wines have no separate grape yield, so it is left null for them. Dry white and red allow up to 9 g/l sugar under the EU acidity rule. Réserve/Grande Réserve apply to white wines generally (not only dry). Liastos and liqueur wine: must at least 220 g/l sugar before drying and 320 g/l after, at least 24 months' oxidative ageing in oak, no blending of the two, no colourings; liqueur wine fortified by 31 May after harvest, actual strength 15–22 % vol. Sweetening allowed for semi-dry and semi-sweet whites; thermovinification and continuous vinification prohibited for red; planting about 350–400 vines per stremma, short pruning.
- National tier (DOC/DOCG) not captured yet; rules extracted from the specification text.